Chapter 9: Culture and Ethnicity Definitions Flashcards
This is a second culture learning that occurs when the culture of a minority is gradually displaced by the culture of the dominant group in the process of assimilation.
What is this defined as?
Acculturation
When this occurs, members of an ethnocultural community are absorbed into another community and lose their unique characteristics such as language, customs, and ethnicity. This may be spontaneous or it may be forced.
What is this defined as?
Assimilation
This often occurs when an individual identifies equally with two or more cultures.
What is this defined as?
Biculturalism
This occurs when kinship extends to both the fathers and mothers side of the family.
Bilineal
This is the thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups. What is this defined as?
Culture
Adapt or negotiate with others for a beneficial or satisfying health outcome.
What is this defined as?
Cultural Care Accommodation or Negotiation
Reorder, change, or greatly modify patients lifestyles for a new, different, and beneficial healthcare pattern.
What is this defined as?
Cultural Care Repatterning or Restructuring
This is the process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes to ensure delivery of culturally congruent care.
What is this defined as?
Cultural Competence
Nurses and other healthcare providers who have cultural ignorance or cultural blindness about differences generally resort to this and use their own values and lifestyles as the absolute guide to dealing with patients and interpreting their behaviors.
What is this defined as?
Cultural Imposition
Rationale: A nurse who believes that people should bear paint quietly as a demonstration of strong while character is annoyed when a patient insists on having pain medication and denies the patient’s discomfort.
This occurs when healthcare providers disregard values or cultural beliefs of their patients.
What is this defined as?
Cultural Pain
This is the goal of transcultural nursing. This is care that fits the persons life patterns, values, and the set of meetings. Patterns and meanings are generated from people themselves rather than predetermined criteria.
What is this defined as?
Culturally Congruent Care
These are illnesses that are specific to one culture. They are used to explain personal and social reactions of the members of the culture. These can occur in any society.
What is this defined as?
Culture-Bound Syndrome
Ex. In the United States going postal which refers to extreme and uncontrollable anger in the workplace that may result in shooting people is now considered a culture bound syndrome.
In any intercultural and counter there is an insider or native perspective.
What is this defined as?
Emic Worldview
Rationale: After giving birth a Korean woman request seaweed soup for her first meal. This request puzzles the nurse. Although the nurse has an emic view of professional postpartum care, as an outsider to the Korean culture he or she is not aware of the significance of the soup to the patient.
Socialization into one’s primary culture as a child.
What is this defined as?
Enculturation
This refers to a shared identity related to social and cultural heritage such as values, language, geographical space, and racial characteristics. Members of this group of file common sense of identity.
What is this defined as?
Ethnicity
Some declare their ethnic identity to be Irish, Vietnamese, or Brazilian. This is different from the race.
Cultural groups transmit their values, morals, and norms from one generation to another which predisposes members to this tendency to hold one’s own way of life as superior to others. This is the cause of biases and prejudices that associate negative permanent characteristics with people who are judge from the valued group. when a person acts on these prejudices discrimination occurs.
What is this defined as?
Ethnocentrism
And any intercultural encounter there is an outsider perspective.
What is this defined as?
Etic Worldview
Rationale: After giving birth to a Korean woman request seaweed soup for her first meal. The Korean patient who has an etic view of American professional care assumes that seaweed soup is available in the hospital because it cleans the blood and promotes healing and lactation.
in collectivistic cultures families are made up of distant blood relatives across three generations and _______ also known as non-blood kin.
What is this defined as?
Fictive
This occurs when kinship is limited to the side of the mother.
What is this defined as?
Matrilineal
These people attribute illness to natural, interpersonal, and biological forces that cause alteration in the equilibrium of the human body. Healing emphasizes use of naturalistic modalities, including herbs, chemicals, heat, cold, massage, and surgery.
What is this defined as?
Naturalistic Practitioner
This occurs when kinship is limited to the side of the father.
What is this defined as?
Patrilineal
These people believe that an external agent which can be human example (Ex. witch or ghosts) cause health and illness. These beliefs emphasize the importance of humans relationships with others, both living and deceased, and with other deities.
What is this defined as?
Personalistic Practitioner
Ex. A Haitian woman who believes in voodoo attributes her illness 2 acres place by someone and seek the services of a voodoo priest to remove the curse.
Van Gennep originated this concept as a significant social marker of changes in a persons life.
What is this defined as?
Rites of Passage
Ex. Sending flowers and to get well greetings to a sick person is a ritual showing love and care for the patient in the dominant American culture in which privacy is valued.
This has similarities with the dominant culture, they maintain their unique life patterns, values, and norms.
What is this defined as?
Subcultures
Rationale: The Amish culture are an example of ethnic and religious groups of characteristics distinct from the dominant culture.
As defined by Leininger this is a comparative study of cultures to understand similarities cultural universal and differences culture specific across human groups. The goal is care that fits the persons life patterns, values, and a set of meetings.
What is this defined as?
Transcultural Nursing
This is a concept that applies to a group of people whose members share values and ways of thinking and acting that are different from those of people who are outside the group. What is this defined as?
Culture
This refers to significant historical experiences of a particular group. These patient stories revealed a broad picture of who they are and the cultural lifestyle they embrace.
What is this defined as?
Ethnohistory
Retain and/or preserve relevant care values so patients maintain their well-being, recover from illness, or face handicaps and/or death.
Cultural Care Preservation or Maintenance
