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NCM-N 107 > laboratory tests > Flashcards

laboratory tests Flashcards

1
Q

The usual schedule for antepartum health care visits is every….

A

4 weeks for the first 28 to 32 weeks,
every 2 weeks from 32 to 36 weeks
every week from 36 to 40 weeks

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2
Q

it is performed to determine the woman’s blood type in the ABO antigen
system

A

ABO typing

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3
Q

is done to determine the woman’s blood type in the rhesus antigen system.

A

Rh typing

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4
Q

Rh positive indicates…?

A

the presence of the antigen

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5
Q

Rh negative indicates..?

A

The absence of
the antigen.

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6
Q

If the client is Rh negative and has a negative anti body screen, she will…?

A

need repeat
antibody screens and should receive Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM) at 28 weeks of
gestation.

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7
Q

If the client has a negative titer (less than 1:8)…?

A

indicating susceptibility to the rubella virus,
she should receive the appropriate immunization postpartum

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8
Q

The client must be using effective birth control at the time of the immunization and must be
counseled not to become pregnant for 1 to 3 months after immunization

A

Rubella titer

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9
Q

inquire about sensitivity to eggs

A

Rubella titer

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10
Q

Rubella vaccine is not given during pregnancy because

A

the live attenuated virus may crossthe placenta and present a risk to the developing fetus.

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11
Q

decline during gestation as
a result of increased plasma volume

A

Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels

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12
Q

A decrease in the hemoglobin level to less than _____
hematocrit level to less than ____
it indicates ____

A

10 g/dL (100
mmol/L)

30%

anemia

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13
Q

done during the initial prenatal examination to screen for
cervical neoplasia

A

Papanicolaou’s smear

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14
Q

The HCP may prefer to perform this skin test after birth

A

Tuberculin skin test

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14
Q

Screening is indicated for clients at risk for sickle cell disease.

A positive test may indicate a need for ___________

A

Sickle Cell screening

further screening

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15
Q

A positive skin test indicates the need for a chest radiograph (using an abdominal
lead shield) to rule out active disease; in a pregnant client, chest radiography
would not be performed until after 20 weeks of gestation (after the fetal organs
are formed).

A

Tuberculin skin test

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16
Q

Testing for ___________ is recommended for all women
because of the prevalence of the disease in the general population.
Hepatitis B vaccine is not contraindicated during pregnancy

A

hepatitis antigens

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17
Q

A urine specimen for glucose and protein determinations should be obtained at________

A

antepartum visit

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18
Q

______ is a common result of decreased renal threshold that occurs during
pregnancy

A

Glycosuria

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19
Q

If glycosuria persists, it may indicate ______

A

diabetes

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20
Q

White blood cells in the urine may indicate _____

A

infection

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21
Q

______ may result from insufficient food intake or vomiting.

A

Ketonuria

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22
Q

Levels of 2 + to 4 + protein in the urine may indicate ________

A

infection or preeclampsia.

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23
Q

Outlines and identifies fetal and maternal structures

A

Ultrasonography

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24
Q

Assists in confirming gestational age and estimated date of delivery and
evaluating amniotic fluid volume (amniotic fluid index), which is done via special
measurements

A

Ultrasonography

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25
Q

Can be used to determine the presence of premature dilation of the cervix
(incompetent cervix).

A transvaginal ultrasound is used during the first trimester to check the length of
the cervix

A

ultrasonography

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26
Q

if an abdominal ultrasound is being performed, the woman may need to
_______

A

drink water to fill the bladder before the procedure to obtain a better image
of the fetus.

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27
Q

Noninvasive assessment of the fetus that includes fetal breathing
movements, fetal move ments, fetal tone, amniotic fluid index,
and fetal heart rate patterns via a nonstress test

A

Biophysical profile

28
Q

Noninvasive (ultrasonography) method of studying the
blood flow in the fetus and placenta

A

Doppler blood flow analysis

29
Q

performed if fetal blood
sampling is necessary; it involves insertion of a needle directly into
the fetal umbilical vessel under ultrasound guidance.

A

Percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

30
Q

_______ is necessary for 1 hour after the PUBS, and a follow-up ultrasound to check for bleeding or hematoma formation is done 1 hour after the procedure.

A

Fetal heart rate monitoring

31
Q

Assesses the quantity of fetal serum proteins; abnormal protein
levels are associated with open neural tube and abdominal wall
defect

A

α-Fetoprotein screening

32
Q

Assists in screening for spina bifida and Down syndrome

A

α-Fetoprotein screening

33
Q

α-Fetoprotein level is determined by a maternal blood
sample drawn between _______ gestation.

A

16 and 18 weeks of gestation.

34
Q

Can be used to detect abnormalities related to an inherited
condition

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) genetic testing

35
Q

Assists in determining if the woman is at risk for having a fetus with ___________ .

A

Down syndrome (trisomy 21), Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18), or
Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)

36
Q

This type of testing can be done as early as 7 weeks of
gestation and a blood sample is used

A

DNA genetic testing

37
Q

Performed for the purpose of detecting genetic abnormalities; the

HCP aspirates a small sample of chorionic villus tissue at _____
weeks of gestation.

A

Chorionic villus sampling
10 to 13

38
Q

Chorionic villus sampling interventions:
The client may need to ___________
to aid in the visualization of the uterus for catheter insertion.

A

drink water to fill the bladder before the procedure

39
Q

Aspiration of amniotic fluid; best performed between ______ weeks of pregnancy
because amniotic fluid volume is adequate and many via ble fetal cells are present
in the fluid by this time

A

15 and 20

Amniocentesis

40
Q

Performed to determine genetic disorders, metabolic defects, and fetal lung maturity

A

Amniocentesis

41
Q

Risks of amniocentesis

A

a. Maternal hemorrhage
b. Infection
c. Rh isoimmunization
d. Abruptio
placentae
e. Amniotic fluid emboli
f. Premature rupture of the membranes

42
Q

Amniocentesis
After chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis, instruct the
client that if______ she must notify the HCP

A

chills, fever, bleeding, leakage of fluid at the
needle insertion site, decreased fetal movement, uterine
contractions, or cramping occurs,

43
Q

The client sits quietly or lies down on her side and counts fetal
kicks as instructed.
Instruct the client to notify the HCP if there are fewer than __________ periods or as instructed by the
HCP

A

10
kicks in 2 consecutive 2-hour

44
Q

a microscopic slide test to deter mine the
presence of amniotic fluid leakage

A

Fern Test

45
Q

strip is used to detect the presence of amniotic
fluid in vaginal secretions

A

S. Nitrazine test

46
Q

Sampling of cervical and vaginal secretions for fetal fibronectin (a
protein present in fetal tissues normally found in cervical and vaginal
secretions until _______ of gestation and again at or near term)

A

16 to 20 weeks

47
Q

Positive results may indicate the onset of labor in ______- weeks;
negative test results are more predictive that preterm labor will not beg

A

1 to 3 weeks

48
Q

Test is performed to assess placental function and
oxygenation

A

Nonstress test

49
Q

Test determines fetal well-being.

A

nonstress test

50
Q

Test evaluates the fetal heart rate (FHR) response to fetal
movement

A

nonstress test

51
Q

Nonstress test normal results

A

Results Reactive Nonstress Test (Normal, Negative)
“Reactive” indicates a healthy fetus

requires 2
or more FHR accelerations of at least 15 beats/ minute,
lasting at least 15 seconds from the begin ning of the
acceleration to the end, in association with fetal
movement, during a 20-minute period.

52
Q

nonstress test abnormal

A

No accelerations or
accelerations of less than 15 beats/ minute or lasting less
than 15 seconds in duration occur during a 40-minute
observation.

53
Q
A
54
Q

Test assesses placental oxygenation and function.

A

Contraction Stress Test

55
Q

est determines fetal ability to tolerate labor and deter mines
fetal well-being.

A

Contraction Stress Test

56
Q

Test is performed if nonstress test is abnormal

A

Contraction stress test

57
Q

Fetus is exposed to the stress of contractions to assess the
adequacy of _____ under simulated labor conditions.

A

placental perfusion

58
Q

normal contraction stress test

A

Negative Contraction Stress Test (Normal) A negative result is
represented by no late decelerations of the fetal heart rate (FHR

59
Q

Contraction Stress Test (Abnormal)

A

A positive result is
represented by late decelerations of the FHR, with 50% or more of
the contractions in the absence of hyperstimulation of the uterus

60
Q

equivocal result (contraction test) contains decelerations, but with less
than ____ of the contractions, or uterine activity shows a
______.

A

50%
hyperstimulated uterus

61
Q

An unsatisfactory result (contraction test)
means that adequate
uterine contractions cannot be achieved, or the FHR tracing is of
insufficient quality for adequate interpretation

A
62
Q

Gonorrhea laboratory test

A

vaginal culture (during initial prenatal examination)

63
Q

syphilis laboratory test

A

culture of lesions (if present) during initial prenatal examination

64
Q

Condyloma acuminatum (human papillomavirus) laboratory test

A

Culture is indicated for clients with positive history or with active lesions

65
Q

chlamydia laboratory test

A

vaginal culture for all pregnant clients

66
Q

trichomoniasis laboratory test

A

normal saline wet smear

67
Q

genital herpes simplex virus laboratory test

A

culture is done of lesions (if present)

68
Q

HIV laboratory test

A

ELISA, Western blot, immunofluorescence assay (IFA)

NCM-N 107 (11 decks)

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