Laboratory Supplies - 11/12 Flashcards
Learning Objectives -identify common veterinary lab supplies -describe the purpose & function of those supplies
blood collection tubes size range
1.5mL - 10mL volume
T or F: any size blood collection tube can be used for any type of test
false - the size & colour of the tube depends on the type of test
what is a blood collection tube with a red top
clot activator, doesn’t contain an anticoagulant (serum)
what is a blood collection tube with a green top
heparin anticoagulant (plasma)
what is a blood collection tube with a purple top
EDTA anticoagulant (whole blood) - can cause RBC lysis in some non-mammalian species
what is a blood collection tube with a blue top
trisodium citrate anticoagulant (citrated plasma) - used for clotting tests
what is a blood collection tube with a yellow/tiger top
clot activator & serum separating gel (serum)
T or F: blood collection tubes should be filled accordingly as any change in the blood to anticoagulant ratio can distort results
true
how should we handle a purple top blood collection tube
should be gently inverted ~10 times to reconstitute immediately after fillig, before running in machine, & before making a smear
T or F: lipemic, icteric, or hemolyzed samples may distort results
true
T or F: red-top tubes must clot for ~20-30 mins at room temp before centifrugation
true
T or F: serum should be removed from the tube immediately to avoid disturbing results
true
what is a microchematocrit (PVC) tube
a small glass tube used for the evalutation of RBC volume
what does PVC stand for
Packed Cell Volume
T or F: PVC tubes may come an anticoagulant or none
true - green, blue, or red containers
what happens before blood is transferred into a PVC tube
the blood is collected & and then placed into an appropriate tube, usually a purple top
T or F: PVC tubes measure the total RBC volume
true
T or F: with PVC tubes, they can be broken to remove the plasma portion to evaluate protein levels of the blood with a refractometer
true
T or F: buffy coat (WBCs) can be noted between the RBC & plasma layer
true - this is also the area where microflaria can be observed
what is a conical tipped tube
tube used for liquid samples that have components needing to be separated for
microscopic evaluation
T or F: conical tipped tubes are centrifuged to separate materials
true
what is a pipette
Pipettes are commonly needed to transfer materials from one tube to
another
2 most common types of pipettes
-transfer (unmarked)
-graduated (incremental volumes for precise measurements)
T or F: graduated pipettes are designed to deliver a specific volume of solution
true
T or F: transfer pipettes are used when a specific volume is NOT needed
true
Pipettes can be classified as _______ (_____) & ________ (_____)
TD (To Deliver); TC (To Contain)
what is a sample container
a sterile jar that can be used for various sample types, such as urine, feces, & urinary stones
what are sample containers prepared with
sample container are prepared with Formalin for sample preservation like for tissue
T or F: we can evaluate samples microscopically without the use of glass slides
false - we cannot evaluate things microscopically without a glass slide
T or F: glass slides should be stores in a dry place at room temp
true
what are glass covers used for
they’re used to aid with microscopic evaluation of some samples
T or F: cover slips can be used when viewing a sample under 1000x magnification
false - cover slips should not & cannot be used when viewing under 1000x magnification
T or F: hypodermic needles are colour coded according to the gauge
true
the gauge of a needle relates to what
the gauge of a needle relates to the internal diameter of the hole
T or F: the higher the gauge of a needle, the smaller it is
true
what are reagent strips
strips that’re impregnated with reagents that react with urine to provide a visible measurement of certain chemical characteristics of said urine
list 7 of the 9 chemical characteristics reagent strips can test for
-pH
-specific gravity
-WBC
-RBC
-glucose
-protein
-ketones
-bilirubin
-nitrite
T or F: scalpel blades must be dulled before skin scraping otherwise you run the risk of injuring a patient
true
what can scalpel blades be used for in a lab setting
in a lab setting they can be used for skin scrapings to check for the presence of ectoparasites (mites)
when are cell counters used
when performing a WBC differential
T or F: each button on a cell counter represents a type of WBC
true
how many times is the button pressed on a cell counter
the button is pressed for each cell type noted, until a total count of 100 cells is reached
what is a fecal loop used for
the collection of a small amount of feces directly from the rectum for examination
T or F: we should lubricate fecal loops before using them
true
what is a culturette
sterile swab, already in a protective sleeve with a transport medium (material
that can support the growth of a microorganism)
what are culturettes used for
to collect samples for culture & sensitivity testings
T or F: cotton swaps should be used as a last resort for culture & sensitivity testing d/t the loose fibers contaminating the sample
true
cotton tipped applicators
can be used to clean ears
tongue depressors
can be used to collect samples (feces)
wooden applicator stick
can be used to create blood smears
what is a aliquot mixer
also called a blood tube rocker, they invert samples to keep them well mixed & ready for use
immersion oil
used on a glass slide as a visual aid when examining samples under 1000x magnification
mineral oil
used to prepare a slide for ectoparasite examinations ( mites, fleas), is also good for skin scrapings & hair pluckings
what are diff/dip-quick stains
used on slides to look at samples such as blood smear, taken from the surface on the skin/ears or samples collected from within masses in/on the skin
what is urine sediment stain (sedi-stain)
new methylene stain, mixed with the sediment from a urine sample to make things such as cells easier to see under the microscope
what is fecal flotation/centrifugation media
a solution that allows parasite eggs to float, allowing for collection & examination
when would formaldehyde 37% be used
when a tumour is removed from a patient, it’s immersed in formaldehyde to prevent decomposition before it reaches the lab
