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Animal Handling 2 > Laboratory Supplies - 11/12 > Flashcards

Laboratory Supplies - 11/12 Flashcards

Learning Objectives -identify common veterinary lab supplies -describe the purpose & function of those supplies

1
Q

blood collection tubes size range

A

1.5mL - 10mL volume

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2
Q

T or F: any size blood collection tube can be used for any type of test

A

false - the size & colour of the tube depends on the type of test

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3
Q

what is a blood collection tube with a red top

A

clot activator, doesn’t contain an anticoagulant (serum)

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4
Q

what is a blood collection tube with a green top

A

heparin anticoagulant (plasma)

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5
Q

what is a blood collection tube with a purple top

A

EDTA anticoagulant (whole blood) - can cause RBC lysis in some non-mammalian species

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6
Q

what is a blood collection tube with a blue top

A

trisodium citrate anticoagulant (citrated plasma) - used for clotting tests

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7
Q

what is a blood collection tube with a yellow/tiger top

A

clot activator & serum separating gel (serum)

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8
Q

T or F: blood collection tubes should be filled accordingly as any change in the blood to anticoagulant ratio can distort results

A

true

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9
Q

how should we handle a purple top blood collection tube

A

should be gently inverted ~10 times to reconstitute immediately after fillig, before running in machine, & before making a smear

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10
Q

T or F: lipemic, icteric, or hemolyzed samples may distort results

A

true

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11
Q

T or F: red-top tubes must clot for ~20-30 mins at room temp before centifrugation

A

true

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12
Q

T or F: serum should be removed from the tube immediately to avoid disturbing results

A

true

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13
Q

what is a microchematocrit (PVC) tube

A

a small glass tube used for the evalutation of RBC volume

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14
Q

what does PVC stand for

A

Packed Cell Volume

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15
Q

T or F: PVC tubes may come an anticoagulant or none

A

true - green, blue, or red containers

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16
Q

what happens before blood is transferred into a PVC tube

A

the blood is collected & and then placed into an appropriate tube, usually a purple top

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17
Q

T or F: PVC tubes measure the total RBC volume

A

true

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18
Q

T or F: with PVC tubes, they can be broken to remove the plasma portion to evaluate protein levels of the blood with a refractometer

A

true

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19
Q

T or F: buffy coat (WBCs) can be noted between the RBC & plasma layer

A

true - this is also the area where microflaria can be observed

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20
Q

what is a conical tipped tube

A

tube used for liquid samples that have components needing to be separated for
microscopic evaluation

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21
Q

T or F: conical tipped tubes are centrifuged to separate materials

A

true

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22
Q

what is a pipette

A

Pipettes are commonly needed to transfer materials from one tube to
another

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23
Q

2 most common types of pipettes

A

-transfer (unmarked)
-graduated (incremental volumes for precise measurements)

24
Q

T or F: graduated pipettes are designed to deliver a specific volume of solution

A

true

25
Q

T or F: transfer pipettes are used when a specific volume is NOT needed

A

true

26
Q

Pipettes can be classified as _______ (_____) & ________ (_____)

A

TD (To Deliver); TC (To Contain)

27
Q

what is a sample container

A

a sterile jar that can be used for various sample types, such as urine, feces, & urinary stones

28
Q

what are sample containers prepared with

A

sample container are prepared with Formalin for sample preservation like for tissue

29
Q

T or F: we can evaluate samples microscopically without the use of glass slides

A

false - we cannot evaluate things microscopically without a glass slide

30
Q

T or F: glass slides should be stores in a dry place at room temp

A

true

31
Q

what are glass covers used for

A

they’re used to aid with microscopic evaluation of some samples

32
Q

T or F: cover slips can be used when viewing a sample under 1000x magnification

A

false - cover slips should not & cannot be used when viewing under 1000x magnification

33
Q

T or F: hypodermic needles are colour coded according to the gauge

A

true

34
Q

the gauge of a needle relates to what

A

the gauge of a needle relates to the internal diameter of the hole

35
Q

T or F: the higher the gauge of a needle, the smaller it is

A

true

36
Q

what are reagent strips

A

strips that’re impregnated with reagents that react with urine to provide a visible measurement of certain chemical characteristics of said urine

37
Q

list 7 of the 9 chemical characteristics reagent strips can test for

A

-pH
-specific gravity
-WBC
-RBC
-glucose
-protein
-ketones
-bilirubin
-nitrite

38
Q

T or F: scalpel blades must be dulled before skin scraping otherwise you run the risk of injuring a patient

A

true

39
Q

what can scalpel blades be used for in a lab setting

A

in a lab setting they can be used for skin scrapings to check for the presence of ectoparasites (mites)

40
Q

when are cell counters used

A

when performing a WBC differential

41
Q

T or F: each button on a cell counter represents a type of WBC

A

true

42
Q

how many times is the button pressed on a cell counter

A

the button is pressed for each cell type noted, until a total count of 100 cells is reached

43
Q

what is a fecal loop used for

A

the collection of a small amount of feces directly from the rectum for examination

44
Q

T or F: we should lubricate fecal loops before using them

A

true

45
Q

what is a culturette

A

sterile swab, already in a protective sleeve with a transport medium (material
that can support the growth of a microorganism)

46
Q

what are culturettes used for

A

to collect samples for culture & sensitivity testings

47
Q

T or F: cotton swaps should be used as a last resort for culture & sensitivity testing d/t the loose fibers contaminating the sample

A

true

48
Q

cotton tipped applicators

A

can be used to clean ears

49
Q

tongue depressors

A

can be used to collect samples (feces)

50
Q

wooden applicator stick

A

can be used to create blood smears

51
Q

what is a aliquot mixer

A

also called a blood tube rocker, they invert samples to keep them well mixed & ready for use

52
Q

immersion oil

A

used on a glass slide as a visual aid when examining samples under 1000x magnification

53
Q

mineral oil

A

used to prepare a slide for ectoparasite examinations ( mites, fleas), is also good for skin scrapings & hair pluckings

54
Q

what are diff/dip-quick stains

A

used on slides to look at samples such as blood smear, taken from the surface on the skin/ears or samples collected from within masses in/on the skin

55
Q

what is urine sediment stain (sedi-stain)

A

new methylene stain, mixed with the sediment from a urine sample to make things such as cells easier to see under the microscope

56
Q

what is fecal flotation/centrifugation media

A

a solution that allows parasite eggs to float, allowing for collection & examination

57
Q

when would formaldehyde 37% be used

A

when a tumour is removed from a patient, it’s immersed in formaldehyde to prevent decomposition before it reaches the lab

Animal Handling 2 (9 decks)

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