Injection Site Identification - 01 Flashcards
Learning Objectives -Define ID,SQ,IM, & IV -Identify most common SQ, IM, & Iv injection sites -Explain why each site may be selected -Demonstrate proper technique for the administration of subcutaneous injections
What is ID?
Intradermal
What is ID used for?
Used primarily for allergy testing - local blocks
Where are ID injections primarily given?
On the side of an animal
What is SQ/SC?
Subcutaneous
How is an SQ site identified?
Any accessible area of loose skin
How do we make a “tent” for an SQ injection?
Skin is grasped with the thumb + forefinger, with the index finger pressing between them
T or F: SQ can be used to administer fluids, some medications & vaccines
true
T or F: Meds & fluids given SQ can take longer to take effect
true
Why do meds & fluids given SQ take longer to take effect?
Because they are absorbed slower, can take anywhere from 20 mins to 8 hours to absorb
T or F: Meds & fluids given SQ have an especially slower rate of absorption in obese patients
true
What type of patients are SQ injections not appropriate for?
Severly dehydrated or critically ill patients
How many mls/ccs can be given per site? (SQ)
~50-100mls (ccs) body temperature fluids
T or F: SQ sites can also be used to place a microchip
true
Where are microchips placed? (SQ)
Between the shoulder blades
What is IM?
Intramuscular
IM sites are frequently used for what?
The administration of medications
T or F: Some medications can ONLY go IM or SQ
true
T or F: Medications absorb faster with this method compared to SQ
true - more vascular
T or F: Muscle tissue cannot accomate more than 2ml-5ml of fluid at any one point
true
T or F: IM sites should be used for fluid therapy
false - IM sites should NEVER be used for fluid therapy
List four common IM injection sites
-Epaxial
-Quadriceps
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus
How to give an IM injection in the Epaxial
-Stand parallel to the patient, extend your index finger along the edge of the patient’s spine, & the thumb along the wing of the ilium
-The muscle can be identified in between the thumb & index finger by palpation
How to give an IM injection in the quadriceps
-Stand parallel to the patient, locate the sciatic nerve & hold the leg with the non-dominant hand at caudal thigh, with your thumb between muscle
-Apply slight pressure with your thumb to isolate the muscle
How to give an IM injection in the semimembranosus/semitendinosus
-Stand facing toward the tail of the patient & locate the sciatic nerve that runs down the center of the thigh, between the semis & quad muscle bellies
-Hold the leg with your non-dominant hand the cranial thigh, with your thumb between the muscle
-Apply slight pressure with your thumb to isolate the muscle
What is IV
Intravenous
T or F: IV injections are commonly used to administer medications or fluids
true - especially if a rapid onset of action is required
List four common IV injectino sites
-Cephalic vein
-Jugular vein
-Medial saphenous vein
-Lateral saphenous vein
Where odes the cephalic vein run along
The top of the forelimbs, angling slightly medial towards the elbow
T or F: The cephalic vein should be a “last resort” for injection or blood draw
true - to preserve the vein & is commonly used for catheter placement
T or F: Samples should be administered above the junction where the accessory vein meets the main cephalic branch
true
Where is the jugular vein located
on either side of the trachea, running from the angle of the mandible down to the thoracic inlet
T or F: The jugular vein is the best location blood draws
true - it is a larger, & higher pressure vein
Where is the saphenous (medial) vein located
along the inside of the hind legs
T or F: the medial saph. vein is more commonly used in feline patients than canine patients
true
where is the saphenous (lateral) vein located
along the lower outside portion of the hind leg
T or F: the lateral saphenous vein is more commonly used in canine patients than feline patients
true - extremely small & difficult to locate in cats
at what angle are ID injections given
~10-15 degrees
at what angle are SQ injections given
~30-45 degrees - always aim caudal
at what angle are IM injections given
~45-90 degrees - always aim away from the spine or sciatic nerve
IV injection angle
almost parallel to the vein, depends on site
T or F: lateral & medial saphenous veins are superficial
true
T or F: the medial saphenous vein becomes less superficial the more proximal the vein becomes
true
