Intro to the Veterinary Practice Laboratory - 09 Flashcards
Learning Objectives -Identify important features included in every laboratory design -Describe the basic functions of the veterinary laboratory -• List common laboratory equipment
why are laboratory procedures important
they help
us diagnose, track the course of diseases, & offer prognoses to clients
list 4 general considerations for lab design
-Located in an area that is separate from other hospital operations
-Large enough to accommodate equipment and personnel comfortably
-Room temperature and draft-free
-Lab sink ( should include sink, storage space, electric supply & internet access)
what does a sink provide in a lab space
a space to:
-rinse
-drain
-stain speimens & reagents
-discard fluids
why is storage space important
it should allow an adequate amount of space for all supplies to decrease clutter on lab counters
where should necessary supplies be stored
they should be stored near the equipement that utilizes them (cytology supplies in one drawer/cabinet near a microscope)
T or F: if you want, you can store food/drinks in lab fridges
false - lab fridges are for samples & supplies ONLY
T or F: we should label all drawers & cabinets accordingly
true
T or F: Photographic evidence such as microscopic images of blood and urine may
be sent as email attachments to reference labs for diagnostic assistance
true
list 6 things that all labs should have to follow lab safety
eyewash stations
fire extinguishers
spill clean-up kits
hazardous/biohazardous waste disposal containers
protective gloves
list 7 common lab equipement you can find in a veterinary hospital
-microscope
-centrifuge
-refractometer
-chemistry analyzers
-hematology analyzers
-incubators
-pipettes
what can we use microscopes to evaluate?
-blood
-bacteria
-urine
-feces
-various forms of cytology
-external/internal parasites
T or F: Everything viewed through a microscope is upside down & backwards to
how it is represented on the physical slide
true
T or F: microscopes kept near centrifuges are near impossible to view a sample through d/t the vibrations of the centrifuge
true
what is a centrifuge used for
it’s a machine used to separate substances of different densities that are in one solution (blood or urine)
how does a centrifuge separate substances of different densities in one solution
by spinning samples in circular motions at a very, very high speed
T or F: solid/larger components of the samples are spun to the bottom of the sample tube (centrifuges)
true
what is the liquid upper portion of the sample called? (centrifuges)
supernatant
what is the solid/larger lower portion of the sample called? (centrifuges)
sediment
T or F: supernatant & sediment can both be examined
true
why should all samples be evenly balanced in a centrifuge
to prevent wobbling or sample loss during operation
why should we clean centrifuges immediately after spilled samples
the residue (build up &) damage the machine
what is the purpose of a refractometer
measures the refractive index of a solution (how the light
bends as it passes through one medium then another (air then urine)
T or F: refractometers will show us the density of a concentration of a substance
true
Refractometers are calibrated to read distilled water at a _____ ________ ______
zero refractice index
why would we use a refractometer
to show us the urine concentration, & total protein (TP) content in blood samples
how do chemistry analyzers work
by using photometry &/or
electrochemical methods to quantify the constituents found in the blood
T or F: Photometry measures the amount of light that passes through a solution
true
T or F: Electrochemical methods are primarily used to evaluate electrolytes
true
what are the 4 things chem. analyzers can run
-serum
-plasma
-whole blood
-urine samples
how do impedance analyzers work (hematology analyzer)
Counts the number of RBC in the
sample, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, & mean corpuscular
hemoglobin concentration (MCHC
how do laser-based analyzers work (hematology analyzer)
Measures cell density, can differentiate between
nuclei & the presence or absence of granules. This is used to count the
number of monocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes and erythrocytes
T or F: some impedance analyzers can provide a partial WBC count
true
what is a SNAP reader
Digital imaging machine that records &
interprets the response of enzymes on the
surface of a SNAP test
what is a Sedivue
Analyzer that evaluates urine of feline and
canine patients
what size sample does the Sedivue need to run a complete analysis
165uL
a sedivue can idenify how many commonly found elements in urine
13
how many images of a sample does the sedivue take
up to 75 images for personnel to review
T or F: incubators must be able to sustain a constant temp of 37c (98.6f) & should always be fitted with a thermometer
true
