Laboratory safety Flashcards
What are the types of biological infectious agents?
Bacterial, viral, parasitic, fungal infections
What are examples of sharps in a laboratory?
Needles, lancets, broken glass, applicator sticks
What type of injury can sharps cause?
Cuts, punctures, bloodborne pathogen exposure
What types of chemicals can pose hazards in a laboratory?
Preservatives, reagents, biocides, stains
What are the potential health risks from chemical exposure in the lab?
Toxic, carcinogenic, and caustic effects
What are examples of radioactive materials that can cause exposure hazards?
Radioisotopes/radiopharmaceuticals, equipment
What health risk is associated with radioactive exposure?
Radiation exposure
What electrical hazards are common in laboratory settings?
Ungrounded/wet equipment, frayed cords
What are the potential consequences of electrical hazards?
Burns, shock
What fire/explosive hazards might be present in a laboratory?
Bunsen burners, alcohol lamps, chemicals
What injuries are associated with fire or explosive hazards?
Burns, dismemberment
What physical hazards can occur in a laboratory?
Wet floors, heavy boxes, patients
What are the potential injuries from physical hazards?
Strain/sprain, falls
What is the color of biohazard warning labels, signs, and containers?
Fluorescent orange-red with contrasting lettering or symbols
What are the components of the chain of infection?
Infectious agent, Reservoir, Portal of Exit, Means of transmission, Portal of entry, Susceptible host
What agents are not associated with disease in healthy individuals?
None, open bench work
What agents are associated with human diseases that are rarely serious, and for which preventive or therapeutic interventions are often available?
Open bench plus Class II BSC
What agents are associated with serious or lethal disease, for which preventive or therapeutic interventions may be available?
Class II or III BSC and/or other primary barrier
What are dangerous and exotic agents that pose a high risk of aerosol-transmitted infections and life-threatening disease for which effective treatments are limited?
Class III BSC or positive pressure suits in conjunction with Class II BSC
What does Class I Biological Safety Cabinet do?
Sterilizes only the air to be exhausted; does not protect the work surface.
What does Class II Biological Safety Cabinet do?
Most commonly used in microbiology; sterilizes air flowing over the infectious material as well as air to be exhausted.
What does Class III Biological Safety Cabinet provide?
Completely enclosed with glove ports; provides the highest level of personnel protection for extremely hazardous organisms.
What is the most important means of preventing the spread of infection?
Handwashing.
What are the steps to properly wash hands?
Thoroughly clean between fingers and under fingernails for at least 30 seconds, washing/rinsing hands in a downward position.
What is the proper order for donning Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
Gown → Mask or Respirator → Goggles or Face Shield → Gloves.
What is the proper order for doffing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
Gloves → Goggles or Face Shield → Gown → Mask or Respirator → Handwashing.
What is the first aid for a chemical spill?
Flush the area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes.
What is the definition of Elimination in the Hierarchy of Controls?
Physically remove the hazard.
What is the definition of Substitution in the Hierarchy of Controls?
Replace the hazard.
What is the definition of Engineering controls in the Hierarchy of Controls?
Isolate people from the hazard.
What is the definition of Administrative controls in the Hierarchy of Controls?
Change the way people work.
What is the definition of PPE in the Hierarchy of Controls?
Protect the worker with personal protective equipment.
What is the purpose of a Fume Hood in a chemical lab?
Protects personnel against harmful vapors; used for materials that give off harmful vapors.
What does a Fume Hood provide in terms of protection?
Personnel protection only.
How should flammable liquids be stored?
Stored separately from flammable solids.
How should perchloric acid be stored?
Stored separately from water-reactive substances.
How should heat-reactive substances requiring refrigeration be stored?
Should not be stored in a common space.
How should unstable substances (shock-sensitive explosives) be stored?
Should not be stored in a common space.
How should mineral acids be stored?
Stored separately from organics.
How should caustics be stored?
“Stored separately from oxidizers
“What does the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) describe?”,”Hazards
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet includes the hazard identification?
Section 2: Hazard(s) Identification.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet provides information on the ingredients?
Section 3: Composition/information on ingredients.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet includes first-aid measures?
Section 4: First-aid measures.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet provides physical and chemical properties?
Section 9: Physical and chemical properties.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet includes stability and reactivity?
Section 10: Stability and reactivity.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet provides toxicological information?
Section 11: Toxicological information.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet includes ecological information?
Section 12: Ecological information.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet provides firefighting measures?
Section 5: Firefighting measures.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet provides accidental release measures?
Section 6: Accidental release measures.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet covers handling and storage?
Section 7: Handling and storage.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet includes exposure controls and personal protection?
Section 8: Exposure controls and personal protection.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet covers disposal consideration?
Section 13: Disposal consideration.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet includes transport information?
Section 14: Transport information.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet provides regulatory information?
Section 15: Regulatory information.
Which section of the Safety Data Sheet includes the date of preparation or last revision?
Section 16: Other information.
What is a potential radioactive hazard in the clinical laboratory?
Radioactivity encountered during procedures using radioisotopes.
What does RACE stand for in fire safety?
Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish/Evacuate.
What does PASS stand for in fire extinguisher operation?
Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.
Which materials are used to extinguish a Class A fire?
Water.
Which materials are used to extinguish a Class B fire?
Dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, foam, or halon.
Which materials are used to extinguish a Class C fire?
Dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, or halon.
Which materials are used to extinguish a Class D fire?
None (sand or dry powder is used).
Which materials are used to extinguish a Class K fire?
Liquid designed to prevent splashing and cool the fire.
Which type of fire involves wood, paper, and clothing?
Class A.
Which type of fire involves flammable organic chemicals?
Class B.
Which type of fire involves electrical equipment?
Class C.
Which type of fire involves combustible metals?
Class D.
Which type of fire involves grease, oils, and fats?
Class K.
What is considered an ergonomic hazard?
Activities characterized by constant or excessive repetitive actions, mechanical pressure, vibrations, compressive forces, or static postures for an extended period of time.
What color is used for non-infectious dry waste containers?
Black.
What color is used for non-infectious wet waste containers?
Green.
What color is used for infectious and pathological waste containers?
Yellow.
What color is used for sharps waste containers?
Red.
What color is used for pressurized containers waste containers?
Red.
What color is used for chemical waste containers?
Yellow with black band.
What color is used for radioactive waste containers?
Orange.
Which institution implements the radioactive policy in the Philippines?
Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI).
Which government department is responsible for the implementation of environmental regulations in the Philippines?
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR).
