Laboratory: Hemoglobin Flashcards
Each hemoglobin molecule consists of the four molecules of globin and four molecules of heme. True or False?
True
Hemoglobins may be found in the blood plasma
Hemoglobinemia
Hemoglobin is detected
in the urine
Hemoglobinuria
Value of hemoglobin may vary according to
Age
Sex
Locality
Abnormal increase value in hemoglobin
Hyperchromia
Abnormal decrease value in hemoglobin
Hypochromia
During the morning, hemoglobin is
Increased
Decreased
Increased
High altitude and smokers have _ hemoglobin levels?
Increased
Decreased
Increased
During the evening and lying down, hemoglobin is?
Increased
Decreased
Decreased
Normal value of hemoglobin in adult male
13-18 g/dL
Normal value of hemoglobin in adult female
12-16 g/dL
Cyanmethemoglobin: The __ in the reagent converts the hemoglobin iron from the ferrous state to the __
Potassium ferricyanide
Ferric state
Cyanmethemoglobin: Methemoglobin which combines with __ to form the stable pigment, ___
Potassium cyanide
Cyanmethemoglobin
Cyanmethemoglobin: The __ present in the reagent improves the lysis of the red
blood cells
Non-ionic detergent
All forms of hemoglobin are measured with the cyanmetheglobin. True or False?
False
Rationale: Except for sulfhemoglobin
Name of reagent used in Cyanmethemoglobin Method
Drabkin’s reagent
Cyanmethemoglobin: The dihydrogen potassium phosphate used in the reagent in place of sodium bicarbonate allows the test to be read at the end of 3 minutes. True or False?
True
Clouding may be due to an exceptionally high WBC count. What should be done?
Centrifuge the mixture and use the supernatant
as the test sample
Clouding may be due to Hemoglobin S and Hemoglobin C. What should be done?
Dilute the mixture 1:1 with distilled water, read on the spectrophotometer, and multiply the result by 2
Clouding may be due to lipemic blood. What should be done?
Add 0.01 ml of the patient’s plasma to 5.0 ml of HiCN reagent and use this mixture as the patient blank
Over-anticoagulation of the blood does affect the
hemoglobin results. True or False?
False
Rationale: It does not affect the results
Acid Hematin: Hemoglobin is converted to acid hematin by _, resulting to __, upon the addition of __
0.1N HC
Brownish yellow color
Distilled water
If hemoglobin is converted to an abnormal hemoglobin pigment, it is no longer capable of oxygen transport. True or False?
True
Abnormal hemoglobin pigment can cause hypoxia or cyanosis. True or False?
True
It is formed by combination of hemoglobin with carbon monoxide
Carboxyhemoglobin
The hemoglobin molecule’s affinity for carbon monoxide is more than 500 times greater than for oxygen. True or False?
False
Rationale: More than 200 times
Carboxyhemoglobin is found in the blood of tobacco smokers in concentration of 170%. True or False?
False
Rationale: In concentration of 110%
Carboxyhemoglobin can cause headache, nausea, dizziness, and muscular
weakness at _ %
20-30%
Type of hemoglobin in which the ferrous ion has been oxidized to the ferric state
Methemoglobin
Methemoglobinemia may be acquired or inherited. True or False?
True
Acquired methemoglobinemia may be a result of structural
abnormality of the globin chains, or it may occur as a result of a red blood cell enzyme defect. True or False?
False
Rationale: It is Inherited Methemoglobinemia
Methemoglobin is normally present in blood at _ %
1-2%
Most cases are acquired and are primarily due to exposure to certain drugs. True or False?
True
Formed by the action of certain drugs and chemical such as sulfonamides and aromatic amine
Sulfhemoglobin
Sulfhemoglobin is incapable of transporting oxygen but can combine with carbon monoxide to form
Carboxysulfhemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin, Methemglobin and Sulfhemoglobin are all reversible. True or False?
False
Rationale: Sulfhemoglobin is irreversible
