LABORATORY AND SAFETY PATIENT PREPARATION Flashcards
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
→ develop standardized criteria for laboratory practices
Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute
→ offers largest proficiency survey program in the US
College of American Pathologist
publishes yearly accreditation manual for hospitals
The Joint Commision
Physically remove the hazard
Elimination
Replace the hazard
Substitution
Isolate the people
Engineering control
Change the way people work
Administrative control
Protect the worker with PPE
PPE
Remove the hazard from the workplace or create a barrier between the workers and the hazard
Engineering control
Most common biohazard bags
Yellow, green, red, black
Non-infectious dry waste
Black
OSHA is enacted by the US congress in
1970
Public law of OSHA
91-596
Non-infectious we waste
Green
Infectious and pathological waste
Yellow
Chemical waste w/ heavy metal
Yellow with black band
Radioactive waste
Orange
Sharps and pressurized containers
Red
HEPA
High Efficiency Particulate Air (Filtration)
HEPA filtration of air intake and Exhaust
Biosafety Cabinet
No filtration of air and exhaust chemical fumes
Fume hoods
Are those that modify workers work schedules and tasks in ways that minimize their workplace exposure to hazards
Administrative controls
policies that mandate measures to reduce or eliminate exposure to hazard
Work practice controls
Infectious agents
Biological
Needles, lancets,
broken glass
Sharps
Preservatives and
reagents
Chemical
Equipment and
radioisotopes
Radioactive
Ungrounded or wet
equipment; frayed cords
Electrical
Bunsen burners,
organic chemicals
Fire/Explosive
Wet floors, heavy
boxes, patients
Physical
→ the reaction caused by the rapid oxidation of a combustible
material
Fire
Medical waste “may transmit infectious disease”
Biological Hazard
Four factors causing fire:
fuel, oxygen, heat, uninhibited reaction
Combustible metals also include
sodium, potassium
provides a quick visual representation of
the health hazard, flammability, reactivity, and special
hazards that a chemical may pose during a fire.
NFPA
“Right to Know” law (published by OSHA; new hazard
communication standard)
● Employees must be notified of the potential health hazards of
the handled chemicals
Chemical Hazard
injurious to skin or eyes by direct contact to the
tissue of the respiratory or gastrointestinal tract when inhaled
or ingested
Corrosive
possible fire or explosion
Flammable/combustible
substances that may cause cancer
Carcinogenic
substances that can spontaneously explode in
certain conditions
Reactive