Lab9_GItract Flashcards

1
Q

What are the layers of the stomach?

A

Mucosa:
- Pits and glands
1. Epithelium (simple columnar epithelium (with surface mucous cells → have mucigen droplets)
2. Lamina propria: loose CT
3. Muscularis mucosa: 2 layers of smooth muscles (inner circular/outer longitudinal)
- Occationaly 3 layers (outer circular)
- Smooth muscle projections in between glands in lamin propria

Subucosa:
- Dense irregular CT
- No glands, but rich in blood vessels, lymphatics & nerves

Tunica Muscular:
- 3 layers of smooth muscle (inner oblique/middle circular/outer longitudinale)

Serosa:
- Thin layer of loose CT covered by a mesothlium (simple squamous epithelium)

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2
Q

WHat is the Pyloric ratio of pits : glands?

A

Pit has 2x length of glands (2:1)

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3
Q

What is the Body ratio of pits : glands?

A

Gland is 4x the length of Pits (1:4)

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4
Q

Which cells are seen in the body, but not in the pyloric region?

A
  • Parietal cells
  • Zymogenic cells
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5
Q

What are the layers of the small intestine?

A

Mucosa:
- Crypt and villi
- Epithelium → Simple columnar epithelium with brush border
- Lamina Propria → loose CT
- Muscularis mucosa → 2 layers of smooth muscle (inner circular/outer longitudinal)

Submucosa:
- Dense irregular CT
- Brunner’s glands (mucous) in duodenum only
- Plicae circularis seen in jejunum

Tunica muscularis:
- 2 layers of smooth muscle (inner circular/outer longitudinal)

Adventitia or Serosa:
- Adventitia → dense irregular CT
- Serosa → thin layer of loose CT covered by mesothelium (simple squamous epithelium)

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6
Q

What are all the different cells found in the brush border of the small intestine?

A
  • Enterocytes
  • Goblet cells
  • Paneth cells
  • Crypt base cells
  • Enteroendocrine cells
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7
Q

Which cells/glands are found in the submucosa of the small intestine?

A

Brunner’s glands (mucous) in duodenum only
Plicae circularis seen in jejunum

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8
Q

What are the features of the Ileum?

A
  • No Brunner’s gland
  • No visible plicar circularis
  • More Goblet cells
  • Few Paneth cells
  • Crypts and villi appear straight
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9
Q

What are the layers of the large intestine?

A

Mucosa:
- No villi, only crypts (wich appear very straight in that region, and have no paneth cells, has goblet cells)
- Epithelium → simple columnar and contains mainly goblet cells
- Lamina Propria → Loose Irregular CT (like SI)
- Muscularis mucosa → 2 layers (inner circular/outer longitudinal like in SI)

Submucosa:
- Poorly preserved because very dense
- No place circularis

Tunica muscular:
- Inner circular
- Outer longitudinal (can be modified to form a 3rdlayer that runs the length of the colon) → called taenia coli and functions to strenghten longitudinal contractions

Serosa:
- Thins layer of loose CT covered by mesothelium (simple squamous epithelium)

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