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fall 2016 > Lab3 Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Lab3 Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Embryonic Connective Tissue

A

Mesenchyme

Fish eyes

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2
Q

Where is Mesenchyme located?

A

Embryo

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3
Q

What does Mesenchyme do?

A

Gives rise to all types of adult connective tissue

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4
Q

Areolar CT

A
  • part of loose connective tissue

* gel like matrix with collagen and elastic fibers

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5
Q

What cells does areolar CT contain?

A

•fibroblast, mast and microphages cells

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6
Q

Where is Areolar CT found?

A

• around capillary networks

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7
Q

What does Areolar CT do?

A

•protects capillaries

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8
Q

Adipose CT

A
  • part of loose connective tissue

* only example of closely packed cells in a CT

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9
Q

Where is Adipose CT found?

A

•subcutaneous layers of the skin, •around kidneys, eyes, heart, breast, and abdominal cavity

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10
Q

What is Adipose CT for?

A

• functions as protective padding, thermal insulation and energy storage

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11
Q

What is Adipose CT mainly composed of?

A

•adipocytes cells that store lipids

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12
Q

Reticular connective tissue

A
  • part of loose connective tissue
  • reticular fibers arranged Ina network
  • loose ground substance
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13
Q

Main cell of Reticular CT?

A

•reticular cells

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14
Q

What is reticular CT do?

A

•forms flexible scaffolding that supports other types of cells

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15
Q

Where is Reticular CT found?

A

•lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver and kidney

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16
Q

Dense Regular CT

A

•part of dense CT
parallel bundles of collagen fibers (give great tensile strength in 1 direction)
• little ground substance

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17
Q

What is the main cells of dense regular CT?

A

•fibroblast

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18
Q

Where is Dense Regular CT located?

A

•forms ligaments and tendons

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19
Q

What is Dense Regular CT do?

A

•anchors bones to each other and muscle to bone

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20
Q

Dense Irregular CT

A
  • part of dense CT

* bundles of collagen fiber (not parallel)

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21
Q

Main cell of Dense Irregular CT

A

•fibroblast

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22
Q

Where is Dense Irregular found?

A
  • reticular layer of dermis

* wall of digestive tract and fibrous capsule of organs and joints

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23
Q

What does Dense Irregular do?

A

•collagen bundles give structural strength to resist tearing in all directions

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24
Q

Elastic CT

A
  • modified dense regular CT

* elastic fibers

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25
Q

What does elastic CT do?

A

•recoils the tissue following a stretch

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26
Q

Where is elastic CT found?

A
  • walls of large arteries

* walls of bronchial tubes

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27
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A
  • part of Supporting CT
  • firm matrix containing collagen fibers (matrix is compressible)
  • AVASCULAR tissue (lacks blood vessels)
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28
Q

What cells does Hyaline Cartilage contain?

A

• chondrocyte cells located in cavities called lacunae

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29
Q

Where is Hyaline Cartilage found?

A

•covering ends of long bones w/in joints, costal cartilage, cartilage of nose, trachea and larynx

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30
Q

What does Hyaline cartilage do?

A

•sock absorber and frictions deductive between bony surfaces

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31
Q

Fibrocartilage

A
  • part of supportive Combe give tissue

* contains collagen fibers (like hyaline) but more regular

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32
Q

What cells does fibrocartilage contain?

A

•chondrocyte cells in lacunae

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33
Q

Where is Fibrocartilage found?

A

•intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis and menus menisci of the knee

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34
Q

What does fibrocartilage do?

A

•sock absorber with high tensile strength

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35
Q

Elastic cartilage

A
  • part of supporting CT
  • most # of elastic fibers found than any other cartilage
  • very flexible cartilage
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36
Q

Where is Elastic Cartilage found?

A

•auricle of outer ear and epiglottis

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37
Q

Compact Bone

A
  • part of supporting connecting tissue
  • contains calcified collagen fibers
  • contains closely packed OSTEON which consists of a CENTRAL CANALS surrounded by concentric rings of matrix called LAMELLAE
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38
Q

What type of cells does Compact bone have?

A

•Osteocytes cells found inside lacunae

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39
Q

Where is Compact bone found?

A

•bones of skeleton

40
Q

Cancellous Bone

A
  • part of Supportive connecting tissue
  • spongy
  • lighter and less dense than compact bone
41
Q

What does Cancellous bone contain?

A
  • plates of bone, called TRABECULAE

* that form irregular cavities that contains RED BONE MARROW

42
Q

Where is Cancellous Bone found?

A

•deep in compact bone

43
Q

What does red bone marrow produce in Cancellous bone?

A

•produces blood cells in process of HEMATOPOIESES

44
Q

Blood

A
  • part of fluid connective tissue

* watery matrix called PLASMA containing Protein Fibers

45
Q

What cells does Blood have?

A
  • Erythrocytes (red blood cells) transport respiratory gases

* Leukocytes (white blood cells) participates in body defenses and blood clotting

46
Q

Where is blood found?

A

•found in blood vessels

47
Q

What is the integumentary system?

A
  • skin

* also called cutaneous membrane

48
Q

What are the accessories organs of the Integumentary system??

A
  • sweat glands
  • sebaceous glands (oil)
  • sensory receptors
  • hair
  • nail
49
Q

What are the the functions of skin?

A
  1. Two way barrier
  2. Regulates body temp
  3. Provides sensory info
  4. Excretes waste products
  5. Synthesizes Vit D
  6. Stores energy
50
Q

What are the accessories organs of the Integumentary system??

A
  • sweat glands
  • sebaceous glands (oil)
  • sensory receptors
  • hair
  • nail
51
Q

What are the the functions of skin?

A
  1. Two way barrier
  2. Regulates body temp
  3. Provides sensory info
  4. Excretes waste products
52
Q

What does the two way barrier mean?

A
  • protects body from incoming harm like pathogens, UV light damage,
  • prevents body from losing body fluids,
53
Q

How does akin assists in regulating body temperature?

A
  • evaporation of sweat cools body

* adipose tissue of the hypodermis provides thermal insulation

54
Q

How does the skin provide sensory information to the brain?

A

• through sensory receptors

55
Q

What waste products does skin excrete??

A
  • small amounts of salt
  • water
  • organic waste
56
Q

Why is the synthesis of vitamin D important?

A

• for Calcium metabolism

57
Q

Where is the energy store?

A

•adipose tissue located in the hypodermis

58
Q

What are the layers of skin?

A
  • Epidermis
  • Dermis
  • hypodermis (not really)
59
Q

What is the Epidermis?

A
  • superficial layer of skin
  • strat. squamous Keratinized ET
  • AVASCULAR
  • 5 of thick skin
  • 4 layers of thin skin
60
Q

What is the primary cell of the epidermis?

A
  • keratinocytes
  • produces keratin
  • constantly produced in the Stratum Basale
61
Q

What are the 5 distinct layers of the epidermis?

A
  1. Stratum corneum (15-30 flat, deas rows)
  2. Stratum Lucidum (3-5 flat dying rows. Sole, palms)
  3. Stratum granulosm (3-5 dying shrinking)
  4. Stratum spinosum
  5. Stratum Basale
62
Q

What is the stratum Basale?

A
  • bottom layer of epidermis
  • only living layer
  • also called stratum germinativum
  • actively dividing cells
63
Q

Found in the stratum Germinativum, touch receptor

A

• Market cell

64
Q

What is langerhan’s cell?

A
  • migrate from bone marrow
  • protects against bacteria
  • found in stratum spinosum
65
Q

What is the dermis?

A
  • 2 part thickest layer of skin
  • papillary
  • reticular
66
Q

What is the dermis composed of?

A
  • collagen
  • elastic fibers
  • gives skin strength and flexibility
67
Q

What does the papillary layer consist of?

A
  • contacts the stratum Basale

* composed of areolar connective tissue

68
Q

What does the reticular layer of dermis consists of?

A
  • bulk of dermis
  • dense irregular CT
  • contacts the hypodermis
69
Q

What is meissner’s corpuscle?

A
  • tactile corpuscle

* serves for touch

70
Q

What is dermal papilla?

A

• extensions of papillary layer into epidermis

71
Q

What are glands?

A

• ducts that produce sweat and oil

72
Q

What are the two types of glands on the skin?

A
  • sudoriferous glands

* sebaceous glands (oil sebum)

73
Q

What are the 2 subtypes of sudoriferous glands?

A
  1. Eccrine sweat glands

2. Apocrine sweat glands

74
Q

What does Eccrine sweat glands consist of?

A
  • most common type of sweat gland
  • secretes watery sweat
  • cools skin
  • contains small amounts of waste product
  • merocrine glands
75
Q

What are apocrine sweat glands?

A
  • mainly found in axillae and linguinal region
  • responsible for body odor
  • secretes onto hair follicle
76
Q

What are the parts of the hair

A
  • hair shaft
  • hair root
  • hair follicle
  • hair bulb
  • hair papilla
77
Q

Where is the actively dividing cells in the hair?

A

• hair bulb

78
Q

What is the errector pili muscle responsible for?

A

• goosebumps

79
Q

What are sensory receptors responsible for?

A
  • detecting the physical environment around the body
  • touch
  • temperature
  • movement
  • pain
80
Q

What are the types of sensory receptors?

A
  1. Nociceptors
  2. Markel discs
  3. Tactile corpuscles
  4. Thermopreceptors
  5. Hair root plexus
  6. Ruffini’s corpuscles
  7. Lamellated corpuscles (pacinian)
81
Q

What detects pain?

A

• nociceptors

82
Q

What detects fine touch and pressure?

A

• Merkel discs

83
Q

What detects touch?

A
  • tactile (meissner’s) corpuscles

* q-tip shaped

84
Q

Free nerve endings for cold and warm receptors?

A

• thermoceptors

85
Q

What detects hair movement?

A

• hair root plexus

86
Q

What detects stretching?

A

• Ruffini’s corpuscles

87
Q

What detects deep pressure?

A

• lamellated (pacinian) corpuscles

88
Q

What is the nail?

A

• composed of hard flat Keratinized cels at the end of fingers and toes

89
Q

Nail body

A
  • flat Keratinized plate

* bulk of nail

90
Q

Free edge nail

A

• unattached end of nail

91
Q

Lunula

A

• half mood white showed area at bottom of nail

92
Q

Eponychium

A

• seals of nail root

93
Q

Nail matrix

A

• actively dividing cells

94
Q

Nail root

A

• newly produced nail cells

95
Q

Nail bed

A

Area of skin under nail body

fall 2016 (7 decks)

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