lab2 epithelial tissue Flashcards
Tissue
Collection of similar cells grouped together to function as a unit
Types of tissue
- Epithelial tissue
- Connective tissue
- Muscular tissue
- Nervous tissue
Epithelial Tissue
•Covers body surface, internal organs and forms glands
•functions in protection, absorption & secretion
•cells are packed together forming layers. Top surface APICAL, bottom BASAL
•ET is AVASCULAR indirect blood supply
•Named after #of layers and cell shapes
•Simple (single) & Stratified (multiple)
1.squamous
2.cuboidal
3.columnar
Simple Squamous Epithelium
- single layers of flat cells
- forms very thin and delicate membranes
- allows for easy movement of molecules across the membrane
- found in kidney glomeruli, alveoli of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, serous membranes
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
- single layer of cube-shaped cells
- capable of secretion & absorption
- found in kidney tubules, small ducts & glands, thyroid glands, covering ovary
- lumen, cuboidal cells, nucleus, basement membrane
Simple Columnar Epithelium
- single layer of column-shaped cells
- capable of absorption, secretion & protection
- lining of the stomach, gallbladder, ducts of large glands, small bronchi & urine tubes
Stratified Squamous Epithelium, Keratinized
- Many layers of flat cells
- deepest layers are almost cuboidal and rapidly dividing
- cells become flatter closer to the surface
- upper layers are dead and filled with keratin
- design for protection against pathogens, abrasion and chemicals
- found in epidermis of the skin
Stratified Squamous Epithelium, Non-Keratinized
- many layers of flat cells
- upper layers do not die, nor have keratin
- protects underlying tissue
- found in lining of the esophagus, vagina, mouth, rectum and anus
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
- cubed shaped cells arranged in multiple layers (usually 2)
- capable of absorption, secretion and protection
- rare type
- primarily located on ducts of sweat glands
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
- Column-shapes cells arranged in multiple layers
- rare type
- protects selected portions of the urethra, Anya, epiglottis and pharynx
- secrets in large ducts of mammary & salivary glands
- lumen in the middle
Pseudo-stratified columnar Epithelium
- 1 layer of diff heights, which makes it appear to be stratified
- falsely layered
- when found lining the trachea & most upper respiratory tract, it contains goblet cells that secrets mucus
- goblet cells appear like kinks
- also found in the male reproductive ducts
Transitional Epithelium
- A stratified tissue
- Apical layers of cells are larger and rounder
- found lining the urinary bladder and ureters
- star like shape in the middle
Muscular Tissue
- Skeletal muscle
- Smooth muscle
- Cardiac muscle
•produces movement w/In the body
•muscle fibers
•contractile proteins Actin & Myosin
In skeletal and cardiac proteins are organized in visible pattern called Striations
Skeletal Tissue
- long and slender, multicucleanted and lie parallel next to each other
- found attached to bones and produce movement of skeleton
- skeletal muscle is voluntary
Smooth Muscle
- located in the walls of hollow organs such as stomach, urinary bladder, arteries
- also called Visceral muscle
- arranged in an overlapping pattern
- single nucleus
- movement us involuntary
- moves substances through digestive, urinary & reproductive tracts, regulates blood vessel diameter and controls the diameter of respiratory passageways
Cardiac Muscle
- found only in the heart
- single nucleus cells fibers
- striated and involuntary
- intercalated diva (walls) allowing rapid communication between adjacent cells
Nervous Tissue
•two different cells type
1.neuron
2. Neuroglial
•neuron generates and conducts an electrical impulse carrying information
•contains a cell body (cells organelles like nucleus) around nucleus
