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COPUB > (LAB) VITAL SIGNS > Flashcards

(LAB) VITAL SIGNS Flashcards

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1
Q

reflect the body’s physiologic status and provide

information critical to evaluating homeostatic balance.

A

Vital Signs

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2
Q

4 main Vital signs

A
  1. Body Temperature
  2. Pulse Rate
  3. Respiratory Rate
  4. Blood Pressure
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3
Q

It is the HOTNESS or COLDNESS of the body

A

TEMPERATURE

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4
Q

Normal Body temperature using oral

A

37 degrees C or 98.6 degreesF

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5
Q

TWO KINDS of Body Temperature

A

Core Temperature

Surface Temperature

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6
Q

it is the temperature of internal organs and it remain constant most
of the time (37:C); with the range of 36.5 - 37.5 :C)

A

Core Temperature

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7
Q
  • is the temperature of the deep tissues of the body

- measure with thermometer

A

Core Temperature

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8
Q
  • it is the temperature of the skin, subcutaneous and fat cells.
    Ranges between 20 - 40:C
A

Surface Temperature

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9
Q

it doesn’t indicate internal physiology

A

Surface Temperature

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10
Q

Normal Body Temperature is

A

37 degreesC or 98.6 degreesF

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11
Q

range of normal body temperature

A

36-38 deg c (96.8-100 deg F)

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12
Q

high temperature

A

Fever

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13
Q

Hypothermia

A

low temperature

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14
Q

body temperature above the normal

ranges

A

Pyrexia(fever)

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15
Q

a very high fever leads to death

A

Hyperpyrexia

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16
Q

body temperature between 34:c - 35:c that leads to

death

A

Hypothermia

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17
Q

periods of fever and periods of normal temp

A

Intermittent fever

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18
Q
  • a wide range of temperature fluctuation occurs

over the 24 hours period

A

Remittent fever

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19
Q

short febrile periods

A

Relapsing fever

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20
Q

fluctuates minimally but always remains above

normal

A

Constant Fever

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21
Q

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

A
  1. Age
  2. Exercise
  3. Hormones
  4. Stress
  5. Environment
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22
Q

by putting thermometer under the tongue (3to5 mins)

(most common site for temp measurement)

A

Oral Temperature

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23
Q

safe and non invasive, it is recommended for infants and children (5to10mins)

A

Axillary

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24
Q

reflects the core body temperature and readily accessible and permits
rapid temp readings (1to2seconds)

A

Tympanic or Ear

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25
inserting thermometer into the rectum about 1/2 inch (3to5mins)
Rectal
26
a special thermometer can quickly measure the temperature of the skin
Skin
27
normal temp range for oral
98.6F / 37.0C
28
normal temp range for Tympanic
99.6F / 37.6C
29
normal temp range for Rectal
99.6F / 37.6C
30
normal temp range for Axillary
97.6F / 36.6C
31
is a wave of blood created by contraction of left ventricle
pulse
32
reflects the heart beat
PULSE RATE
33
are two important | factors influencing pulse rate
stroke volume and compliance of arterial wall
34
what pulse is located in the periphery of the body
Peripheral Pulse
35
what pulse is located at the apex of the heart
Apical Pulse (Central Pulse)
36
pulse rate is expressed in
expressed in beats/minute(BPM)
37
Factors Affecting Pulse Rate
1. Age 2. Sex 3. Autonomic Nervous system activity - Parasympathetic (decrease) -Sympathetic (increase) 4. Exercise 5. Fever 6. Heat 7. Stress 8. Medication
38
BPM of infant
100-160 BPM
39
normal BPM
60-100 BPM
40
pulse site on the side of the neck
Carotid
41
pulse is taken at temporal bone
Temporal
42
apex of the heart
Apical
43
inner aspects of the biceps muscle
Brachial
44
on the thumb site
Radial
45
along the inguinal ligament
Femoral
46
behind the knee
Popiliteal
47
on the medial surface of the ankle
Posterior Tibial
48
dorsum of foot
Pedal (Dorsal Pedis)
49
pulse is commonly assessed by
Palpation or Auscultation
50
assess the pulse for:
* Rate * Rhythm * Volume * Elasticity of the arterial
51
normal pulse rate
60-100 BPM
52
Adult PR > 100 BPM
Tachycardia
53
Adult PR < 60 BPM
Bradycardia
54
pattern and interval between beats , random | and irregular beats (dysrythymia)
Pulse Rhythm
55
the force of blood with each beat
Pulse Volume
56
act of breathing and includes intake of oxygen of carbon-dioxide
RESPIRATORY RATE
57
refers to movement of air in | and out of the lung
Ventilation
58
very deep, rapid respiration
Hyperventilation
59
very shallow respiration
Hypoventilation
60
Factors Affecting Respiration
- Age - Medication - Stress - Exercise - Altitude - Gender - Fever
61
how to assess respiratory rate
``` by watching the movement of the chest or abdomen or how many times the chest rises * Rate * rhythm * depth ```
62
RR of healthy adult
15-20/min
63
normal breathing
Eupnea
64
slow respiration
Bradypnea
65
fast breathing
Tachypnea
66
temporary cessation of breathing
Apnea
67
difficulty of breathing
Dyspnea
68
RR for new born
30-80/min
69
RR for early childhood
20-40/min
70
RR for late childhood
15-25/min
71
RR for adult male
14-18/min
72
RR for adult female
16-20/min
73
force exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries in which it is flowing
BLOOD PRESSURE
74
BP is expressed in terms of
millimeters of mercury (mm of Hg)
75
2 types of BP
Systolic pressure | Diastolic pressure
76
the maximum of the pressure against the wall of | the vessel
Systolic pressure
77
the minimum pressure of the blood against the | walls of the vessels
Diastolic pressure
78
-BP is measured by using an instrument called
Bp cuff | (sphygmomanometer) and Stethoscope
79
Normal Value of Bp
120/80mmHg
80
Factors Affecting Blood Pressure
1. Fever 2. Stress 3. Arteriosclerosis 4. exposure to cold 5. Obesity 6. Hemorrhage 7. Hematocrit 8. External Ear
81
Sites for Measuring Blood Pressure
* Upper arm * Thigh around popliteal artery * Fore-arm * Leg using posterior tibial or dorsal pedis
82
purpose of assessing BP
to obtain base line measure of arterial blood pressure - determine the clients homodynamic status - identify and monitor changes in blood pressure
83
high Bp
Hypertension
84
less than the normal range
Hypotension

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