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(LAB) VITAL SIGNS Flashcards

1
Q

reflect the body’s physiologic status and provide

information critical to evaluating homeostatic balance.

A

Vital Signs

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2
Q

4 main Vital signs

A
  1. Body Temperature
  2. Pulse Rate
  3. Respiratory Rate
  4. Blood Pressure
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3
Q

It is the HOTNESS or COLDNESS of the body

A

TEMPERATURE

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4
Q

Normal Body temperature using oral

A

37 degrees C or 98.6 degreesF

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5
Q

TWO KINDS of Body Temperature

A

Core Temperature

Surface Temperature

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6
Q

it is the temperature of internal organs and it remain constant most
of the time (37:C); with the range of 36.5 - 37.5 :C)

A

Core Temperature

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7
Q
  • is the temperature of the deep tissues of the body

- measure with thermometer

A

Core Temperature

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8
Q
  • it is the temperature of the skin, subcutaneous and fat cells.
    Ranges between 20 - 40:C
A

Surface Temperature

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9
Q

it doesn’t indicate internal physiology

A

Surface Temperature

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10
Q

Normal Body Temperature is

A

37 degreesC or 98.6 degreesF

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11
Q

range of normal body temperature

A

36-38 deg c (96.8-100 deg F)

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12
Q

high temperature

A

Fever

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13
Q

Hypothermia

A

low temperature

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14
Q

body temperature above the normal

ranges

A

Pyrexia(fever)

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15
Q

a very high fever leads to death

A

Hyperpyrexia

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16
Q

body temperature between 34:c - 35:c that leads to

death

A

Hypothermia

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17
Q

periods of fever and periods of normal temp

A

Intermittent fever

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18
Q
  • a wide range of temperature fluctuation occurs

over the 24 hours period

A

Remittent fever

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19
Q

short febrile periods

A

Relapsing fever

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20
Q

fluctuates minimally but always remains above

normal

A

Constant Fever

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21
Q

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

A
  1. Age
  2. Exercise
  3. Hormones
  4. Stress
  5. Environment
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22
Q

by putting thermometer under the tongue (3to5 mins)

(most common site for temp measurement)

A

Oral Temperature

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23
Q

safe and non invasive, it is recommended for infants and children (5to10mins)

A

Axillary

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24
Q

reflects the core body temperature and readily accessible and permits
rapid temp readings (1to2seconds)

A

Tympanic or Ear

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25
Q

inserting thermometer into the rectum about 1/2 inch (3to5mins)

A

Rectal

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26
Q

a special thermometer can quickly measure the temperature of the skin

A

Skin

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27
Q

normal temp range for oral

A

98.6F / 37.0C

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28
Q

normal temp range for Tympanic

A

99.6F / 37.6C

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29
Q

normal temp range for Rectal

A

99.6F / 37.6C

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30
Q

normal temp range for Axillary

A

97.6F / 36.6C

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31
Q

is a wave of blood created by contraction of left ventricle

A

pulse

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32
Q

reflects the heart beat

A

PULSE RATE

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33
Q

are two important

factors influencing pulse rate

A

stroke volume and compliance of arterial wall

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34
Q

what pulse is located in the periphery of the body

A

Peripheral Pulse

35
Q

what pulse is located at the apex of the heart

A

Apical Pulse (Central Pulse)

36
Q

pulse rate is expressed in

A

expressed in beats/minute(BPM)

37
Q

Factors Affecting Pulse Rate

A
  1. Age
  2. Sex
  3. Autonomic Nervous system activity
    - Parasympathetic (decrease) -Sympathetic (increase)
  4. Exercise
  5. Fever
  6. Heat
  7. Stress
  8. Medication
38
Q

BPM of infant

A

100-160 BPM

39
Q

normal BPM

A

60-100 BPM

40
Q

pulse site on the side of the neck

41
Q

pulse is taken at temporal bone

42
Q

apex of the heart

43
Q

inner aspects of the biceps muscle

44
Q

on the thumb site

45
Q

along the inguinal ligament

46
Q

behind the knee

A

Popiliteal

47
Q

on the medial surface of the ankle

A

Posterior Tibial

48
Q

dorsum of foot

A

Pedal (Dorsal Pedis)

49
Q

pulse is commonly assessed by

A

Palpation or Auscultation

50
Q

assess the pulse for:

A
  • Rate
  • Rhythm
  • Volume
  • Elasticity of the arterial
51
Q

normal pulse rate

A

60-100 BPM

52
Q

Adult PR > 100 BPM

A

Tachycardia

53
Q

Adult PR < 60 BPM

A

Bradycardia

54
Q

pattern and interval between beats , random

and irregular beats (dysrythymia)

A

Pulse Rhythm

55
Q

the force of blood with each beat

A

Pulse Volume

56
Q

act of breathing and includes intake of oxygen of carbon-dioxide

A

RESPIRATORY RATE

57
Q

refers to movement of air in

and out of the lung

A

Ventilation

58
Q

very deep, rapid respiration

A

Hyperventilation

59
Q

very shallow respiration

A

Hypoventilation

60
Q

Factors Affecting Respiration

A
  • Age
  • Medication
  • Stress
  • Exercise
  • Altitude
  • Gender
  • Fever
61
Q

how to assess respiratory rate

A 
by watching the movement of the chest or abdomen or how many 
times the chest rises
 * Rate
 * rhythm
 * depth
62
Q

RR of healthy adult

63
Q

normal breathing

64
Q

slow respiration

65
Q

fast breathing

66
Q

temporary cessation of breathing

67
Q

difficulty of breathing

68
Q

RR for new born

69
Q

RR for early childhood

70
Q

RR for late childhood

71
Q

RR for adult male

72
Q

RR for adult female

73
Q

force exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries in which it
is flowing

A

BLOOD PRESSURE

74
Q

BP is expressed in terms of

A

millimeters of mercury (mm of Hg)

75
Q

2 types of BP

A

Systolic pressure

Diastolic pressure

76
Q

the maximum of the pressure against the wall of

the vessel

A

Systolic pressure

77
Q

the minimum pressure of the blood against the

walls of the vessels

A

Diastolic pressure

78
Q

-BP is measured by using an instrument called

A

Bp cuff

(sphygmomanometer) and Stethoscope

79
Q

Normal Value of Bp

A

120/80mmHg

80
Q

Factors Affecting Blood Pressure

A
  1. Fever
  2. Stress
  3. Arteriosclerosis
  4. exposure to cold
  5. Obesity
  6. Hemorrhage
  7. Hematocrit
  8. External Ear
81
Q

Sites for Measuring Blood Pressure

A
  • Upper arm
  • Thigh around popliteal artery
  • Fore-arm
  • Leg using posterior tibial or dorsal pedis
82
Q

purpose of assessing BP

A

to obtain base line measure of arterial blood pressure

  • determine the clients homodynamic status
  • identify and monitor changes in blood pressure
83
Q

high Bp

A

Hypertension

84
Q

less than the normal range

A

Hypotension

COPUB (9 decks)

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