Lab Values

Question 1

increases with dehydration

Answer 1

sodium

136-144

Question 2

increases with an an aldosterone secreting tumor

Answer 2

sodium

136-144 mmol/L

Question 3

decreases wit an ADH secreting tumor

Answer 3

sodium

136-144 mmol/L

H20 overload

Question 4

sets resting membrane potential

Answer 4

potassium

3.5-4.5 mmol/L

Question 5

small changes = huge effects

Answer 5

potassium

3.5-4.5 mmol/L

Question 6

kidney waste products, kidney failure, kidneys are not getting rid a waste products

Answer 6

BUN
7-18 mg/dL

Creatinine
0,6-1.2 mg/dL

Question 7

normal blood glucose

Answer 7

fasting: 64-99

Normal: 100-128

Question 8

Loss of base

Answer 8

Normal in anion gap

THINK RENAL FAILURE

Na - ( Cl + HCO3)

Question 9

Addition of acid

Answer 9

High anion gap

Na - ( Cl + HCO3)

Question 10

Acidosis with NORMAL anion gap

Answer 10

THINK renal failure

Question 11

if HCO3 FALLS in renal failure

Answer 11

Cl- will go UP equally

NO change in anion gap

Question 12

if we add an acid

Answer 12

CL- will go down equally

Question 13

hyponatremic and getting hypertonic saline

Answer 13

ok. blood cells will shrink a little when they go by

Question 14

hyponatremic and getting H2O

Answer 14

RBC’s will burst

Question 15

sets THRESHOLD for most voltage gated ion channels

Answer 15

Calcium

8.5-10.9 mg/dL

Question 16

if this gets high it starts binding to calcium

Answer 16

Phosphate- mostly HPO4-

3.0-4.5 mg/dL

Question 17

Gout

Answer 17

Uric Acid

2-8 mg/dL

Question 18

Hepaotcyte enzymes produced in different parts of the liver can tell us where damage is

Answer 18

ALT - 8-37 IU/L

AST - 10-34 IU/L

Question 19

will be very high if binge drinking the night before but only slightly elevated in alcoholics

Answer 19

ALT/AST

Question 20

Cells lining billiary ducts, if in blood means there is damage to the billiard ducts

not necessarily damage to the hepatocytes, but often times correlates

Answer 20

Alkaline Phosphatase - 44 - 147 IU/L (can also be from bone tissue)

Gamma GT - 0-51 IU/L

Question 21

most common protein in plasma

Answer 21

Albumin

3.5-5 g/dL

Question 22

liver get rid of this, if it is high, it is a liver problem

Answer 22

Direct Billiruben (unconjugated)- 0-0.3

Total Billiruben - 0.2 - 1.0

Question 23

if total protein is LOW and albumin is LOW it is ______________.

Answer 23

A problem with the LIVER

Albumin - 3.5-5 g/dL

Total protein - 6.0- 8.4 g/dL

Question 24

if total protein is NORMAL and albumin is LOW it is ___________

Answer 24

NOT A LIVER PROBLEM

Albumin - 3.5-5 g/dL

Total protein - 6.0- 8.4 g/dL

Question 25

In every cell in the body

Will be increased with cell injury anywhere in body

Answer 25

LDH- Lactate dehydrognase

80- 120 IU/L

Question 26

Converts pyruvate to lactate

Answer 26

LDH- Lactate dehydrognase

80- 120 IU/L

Question 27

Will be increased with cell injury anywhere in body

5 different subtypes

Answer 27

LDH- Lactate dehydrognase

80- 120 IU/L

Question 28

total cholesterol

Answer 28

120-200 mg/dL

Question 29

coenzyme used in ATP use

Answer 29

Magnesium

1.5-2.0 mMol/L

Question 30

Higher for men than women

Answer 30

RBC’s 4.2-6.2

Question 31

BABY red blood cells used to diagnose anemias

Answer 31

Reticulocytes

0.5- 1.5 %

if 1%- RBC lifespan is 100 days

Question 32

Mass of hemolobin volume

Answer 32

13-16 grams per liter

Question 33

% of blood volume made op of RBCs

Answer 33

Hematacrit

38-48%

Question 34

___________ should be three times __________

Answer 34

Hematacrit -38-48%

Hemoglobin - 13-16 grams per liter

Question 35

MCV

Answer 35

Mean corpuscular volume

80-100 fL

Question 36

INR

Answer 36

0.9-1.2

Question 37

Platelet count

Answer 37

140,000 - 340,000

Question 38

Extrinsic Pathway, vitamin K

Answer 38

Prothrombin time (PT)

????

Question 39

Intrinsic Pathway

Answer 39

aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time

25-39 sec