Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathophysiology Spring 16 > Immune system > Flashcards

Immune system Flashcards

1
Q

bacteria with pepitodoglycan without outer membrane

A

Gram +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

EXOtoxin is secreted by ___________ bacteria

A

live

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

makes EXOtoxin

A

gram + bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Two examples of EXOotoxin

A

Boulinum toxin

Tetanus toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

two gram + bacilli bacteria that form spores

A

clostridium- anaerobic

Bacillus- Aerobic Anthrax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

most common human infection

A

staph aures : nosocomial disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2nd most common human infection

A

MRSA+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the gram + cocci

A

staophylococcus

streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are gram + bacilli

A

Clostridium

Bacillus

Listeria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ENDOtoxin is released by __________ bacteria

A

dead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what uses ENDOtoxin

A

Gram-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

an example of an ENDOtoxin

A

LPS (lipopolysaccharide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why is a gram - bacteria pale on a gram stain?

A

the pepitodglycan has an outer layer that the stain cannot penetrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

gram - cocci in pairs

A

Neisseria Ghonnerhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

if we wipe out gram negative we will wipe out 2 of the most plentiful gut bacteria - c diff may come in and take over, wheat are they

A

E coli

Bacteroides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aerobic, Gram -, grows everywhere

A

E. Coli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

most common bacteria in body

A

bacteroides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

super powers that can be shared LATERALLY

A

plasmids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

antibiotic resistance happens quickly

A

plasmids- because they share laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

plasmids can go to bacteria of _____________

A

Other species

21
Q

used by drug companies to make peptide drugs like insulin

A

plasmids

22
Q

part that sticks off plasmid and grabs the other bacteria

A

Pilus

23
Q

small piece of DNA that gives bacteria superpowers

A

Plasmids

24
Q

what does a iron look for?

A

a surface protein that is SPECIES and Cell Specific

25
Q

after a viron finds its surface protein what does it do?

A

it binds to the cell to gain entry

26
Q

once a viron is inside the cell what does it do?

A

Sheds its capsid which:

  1. exposes its genetic material

2 genetic material is inserted into host DNA - or in some cases RNA in cytoplasm

27
Q

two components of a viron

A

genetic material

capsid (shell)

28
Q

what is present on some viruses to make them much hardier?

A

Envelope

29
Q

A virus will use our machinery to make the _________ and make copies of______________. This process is called ______________and it happens in the ___________.

A

viral proteins

viral DNA/RNA

Assembly and maturation

nucleus

30
Q

what happens after assembly and maturation?

A

Virus takes the host cells plasma membrane and is released (many more)

31
Q

what is a positive aspect of a virus

A

~5% of out DNA is viruses we have acquired.

they can be used for gene therapy

32
Q

filamentus, grow as multinucleate branching hyphae forming mycelium

A

Molds

33
Q

ringworm

A

mold

34
Q

grow as ovoid or spherical, are a single cell and multiply by budding division

A

yeasts

35
Q

Most common nosocomial fungal infection

is highly aerobic

immunocompromised patients

Respiratory infection

A

Aspergillus Supp

36
Q

tinea capitis

A

itchy head skin fungus

37
Q

tinea pedis

A

athletes foot, skin fungus

38
Q

Tinea Curis

A

jock itch fungus

39
Q

yeast in normal gut flora that usually doesn’t cause problems

A

Candida Albicans

40
Q

histoplasma

A

yeast

41
Q

causes opportunistic infections like thrush and yeast infections

A

Candida Albicans

42
Q

bacteria on skin and lungs is usually

A

aerobic bacteria

43
Q

need oxygen for oxidative phosphorilation

A

aerobic bacteria

44
Q

if the don’t have o2 they die

A

aerobic bacteria

45
Q

need some o2 but too much will kill them

A

microaerobic bacteria

46
Q

microaerobic bacteria is usually found

A

in the GI tract

47
Q

can use 02 if they have it, but can survive without it

A

Facultative Anaerobes

48
Q

Cannot tolerate 02, it kills them

A

Obligate anaerobic bacteria

Pathophysiology Spring 16 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions