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Bio110 > Lab test for Chapters 7,8,9 > Flashcards

Lab test for Chapters 7,8,9 Flashcards

1
Q

where is the thymus located

A

anterior to heart and posterior to the sternum

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2
Q

where is the pancrease located

A

posterior to the stomach

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3
Q

where are the adrenal glands located

A

the superior surface of each kidney

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4
Q

where is thyroid gland located

A

in the anterior neck just inferior to the voice box

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5
Q

the middle layer of the meninges, had weblike extensions attach to the inner layer, the pia mater

A

arachnoid mater

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6
Q

what is short highly branched cytoplasmic extensions that conduct signoals toward the cell body

A

dendrites

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7
Q

what are the meninges layers, 3 connective tissue membranes covering and protecting brain and spinal cord

A

dura mater-very tough
arachnoid mater
pia mater-on surface on brain and spinal cord

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8
Q

double-layered external covering
separates to form dural sinuses filled with venus blood

A

dura mater

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9
Q

middle layer
web-like

A

arachnoid mater

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10
Q

clings to surface of brain and spinal cord
contain superficial blood vessels

A

pia mater

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11
Q

space between arachnoid and pia mater filled with cerebrospinal fluid

A

subarachnoid space

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12
Q

what covers brain and spinal cord?

A

meninges

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13
Q

what is space between meninges surrounding spinal cord and bones of the vertebral canal, filled with adipose tissue and loose connective tissue

A

epidural space
space surround the dura mater

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14
Q

4 interconnected cavities within brain filled with CSF

A

ventricles
(2lateral, 3rd and 4th ventricles)

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15
Q

what structure makes cerebrospinal fluid

A

choroid plexus

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16
Q

functional anatomy of brain

A

weighs about 3lbs
contains about 100billion multipolar neurons
4major portions

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17
Q

what are the 4 major portions for the brain

A

cerebrum (central hemispheres)
diencephalon
brain stem
cerebellum

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18
Q

regions of the brain to label

A

cerebral hemisphere
diencephalon
cerebellum
brain stem

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19
Q

includes more than half of the brain mass
3main regions-gray matter

A

cerebrum

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20
Q

what is the thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the brain called

A

cerebral cortex

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21
Q

midsaggital line that divides the cerebrum into 2 hemispheres

A

longitudinal fissure

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22
Q

fissures (deep grooves) divide the cerebrum into lobes
surface lobes of the cerebrum

A

frontal lobe
parietal lobe
occipital lobe
temportal lobe

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23
Q

involved in problem solving; working memory;judgment and language comprehension region

A

in frontal lobe

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24
Q

primary somatic sensory area, receives and interprets impulses from the body’s sensory receptors; also a speech/language region

A

parietal lobe

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25
Q

vision area in the cerebrum, everything involved with vision

A

occipital lobe

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26
Q

which lobe of the brain is involved in problem solving

A

frontal lobe

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27
Q

olfaction (smell), hearing area of the cerebrum

A

temporal lobe

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28
Q

what is the largest fiber tract that connects hemispheres of the cerebrum

A

corpus callosum

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29
Q

what sits on top of the brain stem, enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres, main parts thalamus and hypothalamus
deep to 2 cerebral hemispheres

A

diencephalon

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30
Q

the relay station for sensory impulses;

transfers impulses to the correct part of the cortex for localization and interpretation

what surrounds the third ventricle;

A

thalamus

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31
Q

below the thalamus,

important autonomic nervous system center;

helps regulate body temp, controls water balance,

regulates metabolism;

important part of the limbic system (emotions);

regulates secretions of hormones from pituitary gland

A

hypothalamus

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32
Q

which part of the brain is a relay station for sensory information

A

thalamus

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33
Q

mostly composed of tracts of nerve fibers; reflex centers for vision and hearing in the brain stem

A

midbrain

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34
Q

mostly fiber tracts; modifies activity of respiratory centers in the medulla

A

pons

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35
Q

the lowest part of the brain stem; merges into spinal cord (has tracts); contains important control centers

A

medulla oblongata

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36
Q

what important control centers that control heart rate ; blood pressure regulation ;breathing (respiratory center-set basic rate and depth of breathing); swallowing and vomiting

A

medulla oblongata

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37
Q

coordinates skeletal muscle activity; helps maintain posture; balance and equilibrium

A

cerebellum

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38
Q

slender column of nerve fibers (tracts) and neurons; functions as center for spinal reflexes
surface anatomy-occipital bone to the 1st ot 2nd lumbar vertebra

A

spinal cord

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39
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the spinal cord

A

31pairs

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40
Q

what is a collection of spinal roots or cluster of nerve roots at the inferior end of the spinal cord

A

cauda equina

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41
Q

a deep groove; on the front surface of spinal cord; anterior on the midline

A

anterior median fissure

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42
Q

shallow groove on the midline on the posterior spinal cord

A

posterior median sulcus

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43
Q

Label areas

A

Central canal
Gray commissary
Dorsal (posterior)horn of gray matter
Ventral (anterior) horn of gray matter

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44
Q

which type of matter is on the exterior of spinal cord

A

exterior white matter

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45
Q

sensory fibers; cell bodies of these neurons found in the dorsal root ganglia

A

dorsal (posterior) roots

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46
Q

contains motor fibers; cell bodies of these motor neurons are found in the anterior horn

A

ventral (anterior) roots

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47
Q

what type of fiber is located in the posterior roots

A

sensory fibers

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48
Q

what conducts signal away from cell body toward axon terminal

A

axon

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49
Q

membrane potential becomes more positive or less negative

A

depolarization

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50
Q

what is the end of axon called

A

axon terminal

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51
Q

what is the specialized RER found in a neuron

A

nissl substance

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52
Q

what are the phagocytic cells found in CNS called

A

microglia

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53
Q

brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system

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54
Q

form myelin sheath in PNS

A

schwann cells

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55
Q

conduction of an action potential in a myelinated axon

A

saltatory conduction

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56
Q

rapid, involuntary, predictable response to stimulus

A

reflex

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57
Q

glial cells that help circulate CSF

A

ependymal cells

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58
Q

protein on postsynaptic membrane that binds neurotransmitter

A

neurotransmitter receptor

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59
Q

membrane potential returns to resting values

A

repolarization

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60
Q

part of a neuron that sends incoming signals toward cell body

A

dendrites

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61
Q

cluster of neuronal cell bodies found within the CNS

A

nucleus

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62
Q

structure of most common sensory neuron

A

unipolar

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63
Q

found completely with the CNS connecting neurons together

A

interneurons

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64
Q

glial cells that control chemical environment of the brain

A

astrocytes

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65
Q

ion that enters cell causing depolarization

A

sodium ion

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66
Q

junction between 2 neurons

A

synapse

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67
Q

region of any axon where an action potential is initiated

A

trigger zone

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68
Q

gaps in the myelin sheath along axon

A

nodes of ranvier

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69
Q

membrane potential at which an action potential is generated

A

threshhold potential

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70
Q

neuron with many extensions from cell body

A

multipolar neuron

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71
Q

collection of neuronal cell bodies located within the PNS

A

ganglion

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72
Q

part of the ANS that takes care of housekeeping activities

A

parasympathetic nervous system

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73
Q

contains vital centers for breathing, heart rate and blood pressure

A

medulla oblongata

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74
Q

location of cell bodies of motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscle

A

anterior horn

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75
Q

midline groove on anterior surface of the spinal cord

A

anterior median fissure

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76
Q

lobe deep to ear

A

temporal lobe

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77
Q

connective tissue that surrounds a nerve

A

epineurium

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78
Q

collection of nerve roots that hangs from the inferior spinal cord

A

cauda equina

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79
Q

coordinates skeletal muscle activity; balance and coordination

A

cerebellum

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80
Q

region of the brain involved in vision

A

occipital lobe

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81
Q

space between arachnoid and pia mater

A

subarachnoid space

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82
Q

region of brain involved in problems solving and voluntary control of skeletal muscle

A

frontal lobe

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83
Q

region of the brain that interprets most body sensations

A

parietal lobe

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84
Q
A

Dendrite

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85
Q
A

Nucleus

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86
Q
A

Cell body

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87
Q
A

Axon hillock

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88
Q
A

Schwann cell

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89
Q
A

Axon terminal

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90
Q
A

Dura mater

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91
Q
A

Pia mater

92
Q
A

Longitudinal fissure

93
Q
A

Longitudinal fissure

94
Q
A

Cerebral cortex

95
Q
A

Transverse fissure

96
Q
A

Lateral ventricle

97
Q
A

Lateral ventricle

98
Q
A

Third ventricle

99
Q
A

Fourth ventricle

100
Q
A

Fourth ventricle

101
Q
A

Frontal lobe

102
Q
A

Parietal lobe

103
Q
A

Occipital lobe

104
Q
A

Lateral sulcus

105
Q
A

Temporal lobe

106
Q
A

Cerebellum

107
Q
A

Corpus callosum

108
Q
A

Corpus callosum

109
Q
A

Thalamus

110
Q
A

Hypothalamus

111
Q
A

Hypothalamus

112
Q
A

Midbrain

113
Q
A

Midbrain

114
Q
A

Pons

115
Q
A

Pons

116
Q
A

Pons

117
Q
A

Medulla oblongata

118
Q
A

Medulla oblongata

119
Q
A

Medulla oblongata

120
Q
A

Pituitary gland

121
Q
A

Pituitary gland

122
Q
A

Epidural space

123
Q
A

Dura mater

124
Q
A

Arachnid mater

125
Q
A

Subarachnoid space

126
Q
A

Pia mater

127
Q
A

Anterior median fissure

128
Q
A

Posterior horn

129
Q

Anterior horn

A

Anterior horn

130
Q
A

White matter

131
Q
A

White matter

132
Q
A

Posterior horn

133
Q
A

Anterior root

134
Q
A

Dorsal root ganglion

135
Q
A

Posterior root

136
Q
A

Central canal

137
Q
A

Spinal nerve

138
Q
A

Dorsal root ganglion

139
Q
A

Anterior roots

140
Q
A

Spinal nerve

141
Q
A

Posterior horn

142
Q
A

Anterior horn

143
Q
A

Anterior median fissure

144
Q
A

Cauda equina

145
Q
A

Pituitary gland

146
Q
A

Lacrimal gland

147
Q
A

Lacrimal canaliculus

148
Q
A

Lacrimal canaliculus

149
Q
A

Lacrimal sac

150
Q
A

Nasolacrimal duct

151
Q
A

External eye muscle

152
Q
A

Optic nerve

153
Q
A

Optic chiasm

154
Q
A

Sclera

155
Q
A

Cornea

156
Q
A

Choroid

157
Q
A

Auricle

158
Q
A

External acoustic meatus

159
Q
A

Tympanic membrane

160
Q
A

Tympanic membrane

161
Q
A

Tympanic cavity

162
Q
A

Malleus

163
Q
A

Malleus

164
Q
A

Incus

165
Q
A

Incus

166
Q
A

Stapes

167
Q
A

Stapes

168
Q
A

Stapes

169
Q
A

Pharyngotympanic tube

170
Q
A

Oval window

171
Q
A

Oval window

172
Q
A

Round window

173
Q
A

Vestibule

174
Q
A

Scala vestibuli

175
Q
A

Semicircular canal

176
Q
A

Semicircular canal

177
Q
A

Cochlea and semicircular canal

178
Q
A

Cochlea

179
Q
A

Cochlea

180
Q
A

Cochlear duct

181
Q
A

Scala vestibuli (top)
Scala tympani (bottom)

182
Q
A

Vestibular membrane

183
Q
A

Vestibular membrane

184
Q
A

Basilar membrane

185
Q
A

Basilar membrane

186
Q
A

Spiral organ

187
Q
A

Tectorial membrane

188
Q

Label all parts ignore black arrow

A

Perilymph

189
Q

Endolymph

A
190
Q
A

Conjunctiva

191
Q
A

Cornea (pic above)

Lacrimal gland
Sclera
Cornea

192
Q
A

Sclera

Cornea

193
Q
A

Choroid
External eye muscle
Optic chiasm
Optic nerve
Cornea

194
Q
A

External eye muscle

195
Q
A

Lacrimal gland
Lacrimal sac
Lacrimal canaliculus
Nasolacrimal duct

196
Q
A

External eye muscles
Lacrimal gland

197
Q
A

Optic nerve

198
Q
A

Optic chiasm

199
Q
A

Vitreous humor

200
Q
A

Aqueous humor and vitreous humor

201
Q
A

Ciliary body

202
Q
A

Ciliary zonules (suspensory ligaments)

Lens

203
Q
A

Lens

204
Q
A

Iris and pupil

205
Q
A

Optic disc
Fovea centralis
Retina

206
Q
A

Optic disc

207
Q
A

Fovea centralis

208
Q
A

Central sulcus

209
Q
A

Cerebral hemisphere

210
Q
A

Lateral sulcus

211
Q
A

Dura mater
Arachnid space
Subarachnoid space
Pia mater

212
Q

Blue covering on schwann cell over myelin sheath

A

Endoneurium

213
Q

Red spot btwn s & k

A

Pineal gland

214
Q
A

Third ventricle

215
Q
A

Lateral sulcus

216
Q
A

Posterior horn

217
Q
A

Ciliary body

218
Q
A

Suspensory ligament

219
Q
A

Vitreous humor

220
Q
A

Fovea centralis

221
Q
A

Optic disc

222
Q
A

Pharyngotympanic tube

223
Q
A

Vestibule

224
Q
A

Scala vestibuli
Scala tympani
Cochlear duct

225
Q
A

Tectorial membrane
Vestibular membrane

Bio110 (11 decks)

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