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BIO121 > Lab test 2: 29 > Flashcards

Lab test 2: 29 Flashcards

1
Q

Blood volume of an average adult male

A

5-6

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2
Q

Blood volume of an average adult female

A

4-5

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3
Q

What determines whether blood is bright red or dull brick red

A

The amount of O2 it is carrying. The more O2, the brighter the color

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4
Q

Most numerous leukocyte

A

Neutrophil

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5
Q

granulocytes

A

Neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil

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6
Q

also called erythrocyte

A

RBC

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7
Q

Actively phagocytotic leukocytes

A

Neutrophil and monocytes

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8
Q

Agranuloyctes

A

lymphocyte, monocyte

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9
Q

Precursor cell for platelets

A

Megakaryocyte

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10
Q

a through g are examples of

A

Formed elements

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11
Q

Number rises during parasite infections

A

Eosinophil

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12
Q

Releases histamine

A

Basophil

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13
Q

Lymphocyte

A

many formed in lymphoid tissue

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14
Q

Transports oxygen

A

RBC

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15
Q

Primarily water

A

Plasma

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16
Q

Increases in number during prolonged infection

A

Monocyte

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17
Q

Five types of WBC

A

Neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, leukocyte, monocyte

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18
Q

Four classes of nutrients found in plasma

A

Amino acids, glucose, vitamins, fatty acids

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19
Q

Name two gases

A

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

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20
Q

Name three ions

A

Sodium, Potassium, Calcium

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21
Q

Describe consistancy and color of plasma

A

Slippery gelatinous fluid, straw like color (yellow)

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22
Q

Average life span of a red blood cell? How does anucleate affect life span

A

100-120 days. Cannot reproduce or repair itself

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23
Q

Eosinophils percent and structure

A

2-4%

bilobe nucleus, large cytoplasmic granules

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24
Q

Neutrophils percent and structure

A

50-70%

nucleus consists of 3-6 lobes

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25
Q

Lymphocytes percent and structure

A

25%
Spherical nucleus
Thin blue rim around nucleus

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26
Q

Basophils percent and structure

A

less than 1%

U or S shaped nuecleus

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27
Q

Monocytes percent and structure

A

3-8%

kidney shaped nucleus

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28
Q

Abnormal increase in number of WBC

A

leukocytosis

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29
Q

Abnormal increase in number of RBC

A

polycythemia

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30
Q

Condition of too few RBC

A

Anemia

31
Q

Abnormal decrease in number of WBC

A

Leukopenia

32
Q

Why are hematologic studies of blood so important

A

Blood composition reflects health status

33
Q

Total WBC count
Normal values:
High:
Low:

A

Normal: 5,000-10,000 UL of blood
High: leukocytes
Low: leukopenia

34
Q

Total RBC count
Normal:
High:
Low:

A

Normal: 4.2-6.2 million UL of blood
High: Erythrocytosis
Low: Anemia

35
Q

Hematocrit
Normal:
High:
Low:

A

Normal: 47 plus or minus 7
High: Erythrocytosis
Low: Anemia

36
Q

Hemoglobin determination
Normal:
High:
Low:

A

Normal: 14-18 G/ml of blood
High: Erythrocyosis
Low: Anemia

37
Q

Bleeding time
Normal:
High:
Low:

A

Normal: 2-7 min (IV), 3-5 (duke)
High: clotting disorder
Low: vonwillebrand disease

38
Q

Coagulation time
Normal:
High:
Low:

A

Normal: 2-6 min
High: clotting decreased
Low: clotting increased

39
Q

Why is differential WBC count more valuable than total WBC count

A

Because any abnormal count of any WBC can indicate a problem or the source of pathology

40
Q

Name given to the process of RBC production

A

Erythropoiesis

41
Q

Hormone that acts as a stimulus for this process (RBC production)

A

Glycoprotein

42
Q

Why might pateints with kidney disease suffer from anemia

A

Because it is the kidneys that release erythropoitein to stimulate bone marrow to produce RBC. If the kidneys werent functioning correctly, RBC would be reduced causing anemia

43
Q

How can patients with anemia be treated

A

Iron supplements

44
Q

Long term effect of athletic training

A

Enlarges your blood volume resulting in a lower RBC per unit. Known as sports anemia

45
Q

a permanent move from sea level to a high altitude area

A

any prolonged period of oxygen deprivation results in increased RBC levels

46
Q

Hematocrit

A

packed cell volume, occupied by erythrocytes

47
Q

If you had a high hematocrit, would you expect your hemoglobin to be high or low

A

High. The more erythrocytes you have, the more hemoglobin needed for oxygen bonding

48
Q

Anticoagulate

A

Agent that prevents coagulation

49
Q

Two anticoagulants

A

Heparin and EDTA

50
Q

Natural anticoagulant

A

Heparin

51
Q

What blood type if blood clotted with A serum and B serum

A

AB

52
Q

To what ABO groups could AB give blood

A

AB

53
Q

From which ABO gorups could Ab recieve blood

A

All

54
Q

Which blood type is most common

A

O

55
Q

Least common blood type

A

AB

56
Q

Blood type that is the universal donor

A

O

57
Q

Why is O a universal donor

A

No antigens

58
Q

Blood type of Mr. Adams

A

O

59
Q

Blood type of Mr. Calhoon

A

A

60
Q

Why does Rh negative person not have transfusion reaction first time but does second

A

Rh antigens of the donor sensitizes the recipient the first time. The second time it does not

61
Q

What happens when ABO blood type is mismatched for the first time

A

Antibodies bind together causing blood to clump up and not work properly

62
Q

Macrocytic hypochronic anemia

A

RBC larger than normal

63
Q

Mycrocytic hypochronic anemia

A

smaller than average RBC. Pink color from low hemoglobin

64
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Look like they have a C shape. Deformed RBC

65
Q

Lymphcytic leukemia (chronic)

A

cells are a lot larger, membrane large and misshaped

66
Q

Eosinophils

A

larger than RBC, round, membrane bilobed

67
Q

Iron deficient anemia

A

Microcytic hypochronic anemia

68
Q

a type of bone marrow cancer

A

Lymphocytic leukemia (chronic)

69
Q

Genetic defect that causes hemoglobin to become sharp

A

Sickle cell

70
Q

Lack of vitamin B12

A

Macrocytic hypochronic anemia

71
Q

a tapeworm infectation

A

Eosinophilia

72
Q

a bleeding ulcer

A

Sickle cell anemia

73
Q

Relationship between cholesterol, hypertension, heart attacks and strokes

A

Chloresterol is a component of smooth muscle plaques. Plaques narrow arteries (hypertension). They also form blood clots that block smaller vessels (heart attacks and strokes)

BIO121 (14 decks)

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