Fill in final

Question 1

Malia, a nursing student, has been caring for burn patients. She notices they consistantly show elevated levels of potassium in their urine and wonders why. What would you tell her

Answer 1

When tissues are burned, cells are destroyed and their contents leak into interstitial fluid and then to blood. This stimulates cells to produce aldosterone which would promote potassium secretion by kindeys

Question 2

Marissa has had a urialysis that detected large amounts of plasma proteins and white blood cells in her urine. What condition might be responsible, what effects would it have on her urine output

Answer 2

Indicates increased permeability of filtration membrane. If temporary, it is probably an acute glomerular nephritis usually associated with a bacterial infection. If long term, it is chronic glomerular nephritis, reluting in a nonfunctional kidney. Urine volume would be increased because plasma proteins increase osmolarity of filrate

Question 3

Describe the benefical roles of bacteria in saliva

Answer 3

1. Continuously flushes and cleans oral surfaces
2. Contains buffers that prevent buildup of acids produced by bacterial action
3. Contains antibodies (IgA) and lysozymes which help control the growth of oral bacteria populations

Question 4

Predict the consequences of a blockage of the duodenal ampulia by a tumor

Answer 4

Blockage would interphere with release of secretions into duodenum by the pancreas, galbladder and liver