Lab Practicum 2 Flashcards
asymmetry
absence of a central point
radial symmetry
multiple planes can be drawn through central axis to create mirror imaged halves
bilateral symmetry
a central longitudinal plane divides the body into two equal but opposite halves (mirror image halves)
germ layers
- no true tissues
- diploblastic
- triploblastic
development patterns
- protostome - blastopore gives rise to the mouth (snails, leeches, and ants)
- deuterostome - blastopore gives rise to the anal opening (starfishes, stingrays, pelicans, and monkeys)
body cavity presence
- acoelomate - such as flatworms (tapeworms) do not have a coelom between the digestive system and the outer body wall
- pseudocoelomate - such as rotifers and round worms (hookworms), the coelom is derived from both the endoderm and mesoderm
- coelomate - (true coelomates) is derived from only mesodermal tissue.
segmentation
- dorsal - pertaining to back
- ventral - pertaining to underside
- lateral - to the side
- anterior - front end
- posterior - rear end
- superior - above another part or closer to head
- inferior - below another part or toward feet
- medial - toward imaginary midline
- central - middle
- peripheral - near the surface or outside of
- cephalic - head
- celiac - abdomen
- caudal - tail
- cural - leg
- oral - mouth
- pedal - foot
Understand and know body planes and basic anatomic orientation
- sagital plane (medial) - lengthwise cut that divides the body into left and right halves
- transverse plane - divides the body into superior and inferior sections
- frontal plane (coronal) - divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
Observe a diversity of preserved and representative sponges a. What are spicules and spongin?
- spicules - the skeletal structure of sponges consists of fibrous collagen and calcareous or siliceous cystalline
- spongin - a collagenous protein in many species
Know the major anatomical parts of sponges
Eukaryo - Animilia - Porifera
be able to identify (transverse)
be able to identify (longitudinal)
Portuguese Man-of-War, Hydra, or Obelia
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Cnidaria
- Class: Hydrozoa
Jellyfish, Aurelia
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Cnidaria
- Class: Scyphozoa
Box Jellyfish
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Cnidaria
- Class: Cubozoa
Sea Anemone, Coral, Sea Pen
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Cnidaria
- Class: Anthozoa
What is this? Label structures.
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Cnidaria
- Class: Scyphozoa and Hydrozoa
identify:
a. Tentacles
b. Mouth
c. Hypostome
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Cnidaria
- Class: Hydrozoa
identify:
a. Mouth
b. Feeding Polyp (Hydranth)
c. Reproductive Polyp (Gonangium)
d. Stalk
e. Tentacles
Know the parts of the life cycle ofObelia
know the major anatomical structures
a. Tentacles
b. Mouth
c. Pharynx
d. Oral Disc
e. Pedal disc
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Cnidaria
- Class: Anthozoa
Observe box jellyfish from a picture
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Cnidaria
- Class: Cubozoa
Observe a picture and preserved
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Ctenophora
planaria
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Platyhelminthes
- Class: Turbellaria
tapeworms
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Platyhelminthes
- Class: Cestoda
flukes
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Platyhelminthes
- Class: Trematoda
epidermis?
Find the gastrovascular cavity, eye spots and auricles
be able to identify
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Rotifers
chitons
- Domain: Eukaryo
- Kingdom: Animilia
- Supergroup: Unikonta
- Phylum: Mollusca
- Class: Polyplacophora
External Anatomy:
- hinge ligament
- umbo
- directional terms: anterior, posterior, dorsal, ventral
Internal Anatomy:
- mantle
- anterior & posterior adductor muscles
- gills
- siphon(s)(if visible)
- digestive gland
- foot
- Phylum: Mollusca
- Class: Bivalvia
Anatomy of a Squid
External Anatomy:
- tentacles
- arms
- suckers
- eye
- funnel/siphon
- collar
- mantle
- fin
Anatomy of a Squid
Internal Anatomy
- ink sac
- gill
- gonad
- cecum
- pen
Anatomy of an Earthworm
External Anatomy:
- ventral vs. dorsal sides; anterior vs. posterior sides
- setae
- clitellum
- mouth
Anatomy of an Earthworm
Internal Anatomy:
- septae
- brain (illustration only)
- hearts
- mouth
- pharynx
- esophagus
- crop
- gizzard
- intestine
- metanephridia (illustration only)
- dorsal blood vesse
You should be able to tell the difference between males and females
External Anatomy:
exoskeleton
- cephalothorax (headand thorax together)/carapace
- antenna
- antennules
- rostrum
- maxillipeds (feeding appendages)
- cheliped (claw)
- walking legs(peropods)
abdomen including:
- swimmerets(pleopods)
- tergum
- uropods
- telson
Merostomata know: compound eye, simple eye, telson, chelicerae, book gills)
Gradual (Incomplete) versus Complete Metamorphosis
Internal Anatomy:
- gills
- green gland
- pyloric stomach
- digestive gland
know structures
- name the class
- identify: gastric or pyloric caeca; gonads; ampullae
- name
- the plate where water enters the water vascular system
- astroidea
- larger brown/tan “fluff”in arms
- smaller purlpish/pinkish “fluff”in arms under the pyloric caeca close to central disk
- rows of shiny bumps under all of the other stuff.
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