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Bio 131 > Lab Midterm > Flashcards

Lab Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

osculars

A

eye parts of microscope

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2
Q

focusing knob

A

corse/fine adjustment

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3
Q

condenser adjustement

A

keep at highest point

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4
Q

diaphragm

A

controls amount of light into condenser

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5
Q

Condenser

A

focuses light on object

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6
Q

objectives

A

(4x,10x, 40x, 100x)

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7
Q

eyepiece adjustment

A

on top

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8
Q

magnification of drawing (actual)

A

size of drawing/ size of object

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9
Q

diameter of field of view (drawing/ actual)

A

field of view / # fit across

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10
Q

cells combine to form

A

tissues

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11
Q

tissues combine to make

A

organism

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12
Q

three main parts of cell

A

nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane

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13
Q

flagella serves as

A

locomotory

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14
Q

cilia

A

moves substances away from cell or along its surface

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15
Q

longitudinal

A

divides body into left and right halves( back and front)

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16
Q

oblique

A

oblique angle (not parallel to sagittal or transverse)

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17
Q

cervical

A

neck

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18
Q

lumbar

A

lower region

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19
Q

thoracic

A

chest

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20
Q

cytoplasm is

A

aqueous solution where solutes are dissolved or suspended

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21
Q

diffusion

A

(conc. gradient) high to low

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22
Q

polar molecules

A

like water pass through polar membrane

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23
Q

non-polar

A

do not diffuse across dialysis tubing

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24
Q

diffusion of water across SPM is

A

osmosis

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25
Q

osmosis

A

involves channel proteins (aquaporins)

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26
Q

why did the solution turn blue?

A

starch is a large molecule and when iodine and starch mix the solution turns blue

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27
Q

what happend to liver solution

A

began expand and “swell” because H2O2 is small molecule and can move into the cell wheere catalase breaks apart into H2O and O2. Then oxygen can not leave cell (non-polar).

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28
Q

water will move into cells 2,3,4 and will make them

A

weigh more

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29
Q

if isotonic then the weight

A

bounces back and forth

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30
Q

sucrose can not

A

cross membrane(too big molecule)

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31
Q

net movement of water molecules

A

hypotonic and move from high to low conc.

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32
Q

complex/multicellular organisms are

A

comprised of many types of cells

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33
Q

prokaryotic

A

no membrane bound organelles

34
Q

Eukaryotic

A

membrane bound organelles (nucleus)

35
Q

tissues

A

group of similar cells and intracellular substances

36
Q

4 primary tissue types:

A

muscle, nervous, epithelial, connective (embryonic 5th…)

37
Q

epithelial

A

covers/lines all surfaces

38
Q

squamous

A

flat, large

39
Q

cubodial

A

cubed-like (short)

40
Q

culomnar

A

tall, cylindrical

41
Q

pseudostratified columnar

A

trachea (cilated)

42
Q

transitional epithelium

A

squamous, cuboidal (urinary bladder)

43
Q

connective tissue (4 types)

A

connect things, support, movement, protection, insulation, transport.

44
Q

Loose connective (3)

A

areolar, adipose, reticular

45
Q

areolar

A

randomly orientated fibres. (skin). protection. fibroblasts

46
Q

adipose

A

large, rounded. fat storage (under breasts) fibroblasts.

47
Q

reticular

A

organized fibres. support. (spleen) binds together soft organs

48
Q

Dense connective (below epidermis) 3 types

A

regular, irregular, elastic

49
Q

regular

A

fibres run parallel to each other. (tendons/ligaments). lig.-> bone to bone. tend.-> bone to lig.

50
Q

irregular

A

dermis of skin

51
Q

elastic dense.

A

rounded columnar. support. (blood vessel tunic)

52
Q

cartilage (4)

A

hyaline, fibrocartilage,elastic, articular. (one kind of cell called chondrocytes and contains collagen fibres)

53
Q

hyaline

A

(nose) costal. speratic fibres. provides flexible support.

54
Q

fibrocartilage

A

intervertebral discs

55
Q

elastic cartilage.

A

pinna of ear

56
Q

articular

A

sub type of hyaline. joints, slippery

57
Q

bone

A

compact, spongy, (one cell osteocytes)

58
Q

where are osteocytes found

59
Q

haematology

A

study of blood

60
Q

hemostasis

A

first stage of wound healing

61
Q

blood has : (2)

A

erythrocyte, leukocyte

62
Q

lumallae

A

rings in bone tissue

63
Q

http://learningtosavetheearth.com/wpimages/wp80a1d4ab_05.jpg

64
Q

E: Lung 1

A

simple squamous. absoprtion, secretion (one layer/ flattened)

65
Q

E: skin

A

stratified squamous. protection

66
Q

E: kidney

A

simple cuboidal. secretion

67
Q

E: Intestine

A

simple columnar with brush border. absorption, secretion of mucus.

68
Q

E: Lung 2

A

simple ciliated columnar. secretion, cilia propel mucus

69
Q

E: Urinary bladder

A

transitional. contract and expand

70
Q

E: trachea

A

pseudostratified ciliated columnar. secretion, absorption

71
Q

vascular connective tissue

A

red & white blood cells. transport oxygen throughout body.

72
Q

5 types of leukocytes (rbc’s)

A

neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil

73
Q

neutrophil

A

phagocytes. engulf / digest bacteria.

74
Q

lymphocytes

A

immune response

75
Q

monocyte

A

phagocytes/macrophage. big cells. macrophages at infection site.

76
Q

eosinophil

A

fight parasitic worms / reduce inflammation.

77
Q

basophils

A

release histamine and prevent clots via heparin

78
Q

transfusion

A

transfer of blood from one person to the other

79
Q

PVC

A

PVC=3 x [Hb]g/dL

80
Q

RBC

A

number of cells counted x 200 / 0.02 mm^3

81
Q

which tests did you perform that were related to oxygen carrying capacity

A

sample of blood centrifuged with the volume of packed cells and volume of plasma.

Bio 131 (8 decks)

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