Ch.1 Intro to anatomy/physiology Flashcards
Intergumentary System
Hair, Skin, Nails (protects)
Skeletal system
bones, joints (movement)
muscular system
skeletal muscles (locomotion)
lymphatic systemm
bone marrow, thymus, lymph. vessels, spleen (attacks foreign substances)
respiratory system
nasal cav., pharynx, larynx, trachea, lung, bronchus (gaseous exchange)
digestive system
oral cav. large intestine, stomach, liver, oesophagus, anus (digests food)
nervous system
spinal cord, nerves, brain (control system)
endocrine system
pineal gland, thyroid gland, ovary, testis, thymus (growth)
cardiovascular
heart, blood vessels (pumps blood heart)
urinary
kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra (eliminates waste, regulates water)
reproductive system
prostate gland, scrotum, penis, testis, ovar, uterus, vagina (reproduce)
anatomy
body structures
physiology
body function
gross anatomy
large structures (hear, lungs, kidneys)
microscopic anatomy
too small to see (tissues)
developmental anatomy
structure changes throughout life
embryology
changes that occur before birth
renal physiology
kidney function
neurophysiology
nervous system
cardiovascular physiology
heart and blood vessels
structural organization
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
atmospheric pressure
gas exchange (air exerts on surface of body)
excretion
lungs, kidneys, skin. (waste products of metabolism are eliminated)
hemeostasis
maintain steady internal environment (heat, regulation) Receptors, Control centre, Effector
control mechanisms of bod.
receptors (response to stimuli, inputs message to) control center (determines response for message), effectors (output to stimulus)
negative feedback
maintain homeostasis. regulate breathing, blood levels, heart rate, temp, certain ions.
positive feedback
control infrequent events. regulates blood clotting, labor contractions.
dorsal cavity
brain, spinal cord.
ventral cavity
heart, lungs (or thoracic cavity)
abdominal cavity
liver, digestive organs
maintaining life
movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth
essential needs
water, oxygen, nutrients, atmospheric pressure, body temp.
axial
head, neck, trunk
appendicular
limbs, bones
serosa -> thin membrane
hold organs in place
lymph
fluid that contains protein in lymphatic system
mediastinum
heart, trachea, esophagus
body cavity
internal cavity containing fluid
connective tissue
supports, connects other tissues to organs
distal
away from
ventral
inwards
epithelial
membranous tissue covers surface
immune system
cells, organs, tissues that fight against germs that harm the body.
inferior
away from head
prosterior
back
anterior
front
superior
towards head
lateral
outwards
proximal
elbow prox. to wrist
superficial
outside
deep
inside
muscle tissue
soft tissue formed during embryonic development. helps muscles contract
nervous tissue
regulates bodily functions
plasma
fluid within blood (consists of water, proteins)
Oral and digestive cavities
mouth, digestive system
nasal cavity
upper respiration
Orbital cavities
Skull housing eyes
Middle ear cavities
lie within skull
synovial cavities
line joints
