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Anatomy > Lab: Gross Anatomy Of The Brain And Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Lab: Gross Anatomy Of The Brain And Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

3 major regions of the brain

A

Forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain

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2
Q

4 chambers of the brain

A

Ventricles

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3
Q

Most superior portion of the brain

A

Cerebral hemispheres

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4
Q

Elevated ridges of tissue

A

Gyri

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5
Q

Shallow grooves

A

Sulci

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6
Q

Deeper grooves

A

Fissures

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7
Q

The region that contains the olfactory area in the temporal lobe along its medial surface

A

Uncus

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8
Q

Specialized motor speech area

A

Broca’s area

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9
Q

An area in which unfamiliar words are sounded out

A

Wernicke’s area

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10
Q

The outmost gray matter of the cerebrum where cell bodies of cerebral neurons are found

A

Cerebral cortex

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11
Q

Most superior portion of the brain stem; embryologically part of the forebrain

A

Diencephalon

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12
Q

Where the fibers of the optic nerves partially cross over

A

Optic chiasma

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13
Q

Means bridge; consists primarily of motor and sensory fiber tracts connecting the brain with the lower CNS centers

A

Pons

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14
Q

Lowest brain stem region composed primarily of fiber tracts

A

Medulla oblongata

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15
Q

Major commissure connecting the cerebral hemispheres

A

Corpus callosum

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16
Q

A bandlike fiber tract concerned with olfaction as well as limbic system functions and the septum pellucidum

A

Fornix

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17
Q

Separates the lateral ventricles of the cerebral hemispheres

A

Septum pellucidum

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18
Q

Consists of two large lobes of gray matter that laterally enclose the shallow third ventricle of the brain

A

Thalamus

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19
Q

A tiny orifice connecting the third ventricle with the lateral ventricle on the same side

A

Interventricular foramen

20
Q

Makes up the floor and the inferolateral walls of the third ventricle; an important autonomic center involved in regulation of body temp, water balance, and fat and carbohydrate metabolism as well as in many other activities and drives (sex, hunger, thirst)

A

Hypothalamus

21
Q

A slender stalk on the anterior floor of the hypothalamus that holds the pituitary gland

A

Infundibulum

22
Q

Relay stations for olfaction, bulge exteriorly from the floor of the hypothalamus just posterior to the pituitary gland

A

Mammillary bodies

23
Q

Forms the roof of the third ventricle and is the most dorsal portion of the diencephalon

A

Epithalamus

24
Q

An important structure in the epithalamus that is a neuroendocrine structure

A

Pineal body (gland)

25
Q

An important structure of the epithalamus that is knotlike collections of capillaries within each ventricle, form the cerebrospinal fluid

A

Choroid plexus

26
Q

Part of the brain stem; A slender canal traveling through the midbrain; it connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle in the hindbrain below

A

Cerebral aqueduct

27
Q

The midline lobe that connects the 3 lobes of the cerebellum

A

Vermis

28
Q

The treelike branching of the cerebellar white matter; aka the tree of life

A

Arbor vitae

29
Q

Three connective tissue membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

30
Q

The outermost meninx; leathery, double layered; attached to the inner surface of the skull and forms the outermost brain covering

A

Dura mater

31
Q

The middle meninx; weblike; underlies the dura mater

A

Arachnoid mater

32
Q

Innermost meninx; highly vascular and clings tenaciously to the surface of the brain

A

Pia mater

33
Q

Forms cerebrospinal fluid; small capillary knots hanging from the roof of the ventricles of the brain

A

Choroid plexuses

34
Q

The cerebrospinal fluid circulates from the two lateral ventricles into the third ventricle via the what?

A

Interventricular foramina

35
Q

Cranial nerve I

A

Olfactory- purely sensory; carries afferent impulses associated with sense of smell

36
Q

Cranial nerve II

A

Optic; purely sensory- carries afferent impulses associated with vision

37
Q

Cranial nerve III

A

Oculomotor; primarily motor- somatic motor fibers to inferior oblique and superior, inferior, and medial rectus muscles, which direct eyeball, and to levator palpebrae muscles of the superior eyelid; parasympathetic fibers to iris and smooth muscle controlling lens shape

38
Q

Cranial nerve IV

A

Trochlear; primarily motor- provides somatic motor fibers to superior oblique muscle

39
Q

Cranial nerve V

A

Trigeminal; mixed- major sensory nerve of face

40
Q

Cranial nerve VI

A

Abducens; carries motor fibers to lateral rectus muscle of eye

41
Q

Cranial nerve VII

A

Facial; supplies somatic motor fibers to muscles of facial expression and parasympathetic motor fibers to lacrimal and salivary glands; carries sensory fibers from taste receptors of anterior portion of tongue

42
Q

Cranial nerve VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear; sense of equilibrium, cochlear branch transmits impulses associated with hearing from cochlea

43
Q

Cranial nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal; Pharyngeal muscles, salivary glands, sensory fibers carry impulses from pharynx, tonsils, posterior tongue

44
Q

Cranial nerve X

A

Vagus; pharynx and larynx, heart and smooth muscles of the abdominal visceral organs

45
Q

Cranial nerve XI

A

Accessory; sternocleidomastiod and trapezius muscles and muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, and larynx

46
Q

Cranial nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal; carries somatic motor fibers to muscles of tongue

Anatomy (11 decks)

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