Lab Exam 3 Digestive System

Question 1

Esophagus

Answer 1

transports food from mouth to stomach

Question 2

crop

Answer 2

produces ‘milk’ and stores food in pigeons

Question 3

proventriculus

Answer 3

anterior projection of stomach posterior to esophagus that produces acid to break down food in pigeons

Question 4

gizzard

Answer 4

muscular organ that stores small rocks used to mechanically break down food in pigeons

Question 5

intestine

Answer 5

assists in food breakdown and nutrient absorption

Question 6

pancreas

Answer 6

releases digestive enzymes and insulin

Question 7

lamprey pharynx

Answer 7

transports water from mouth through gill arches

Question 8

liver

Answer 8

regulates chemical levels and produces bile

Question 9

transverse septum

Answer 9

separates the pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities in squalus

Question 10

gall bladder

Answer 10

stores bile

Question 11

stomach rugae

Answer 11

folds in stomach wall that allow for expansion and higher surface area

Question 12

duodenum

Answer 12

first part of small intestine leading directly from the stomach; beginning of nutrient absorption

Question 13

pylorus of stomach

Answer 13

posterior part of stomach connected to duodenum; holds food until it is ready to be moved to the intestines for digestion

Question 14

spleen

Answer 14

stores and filters blood and produces white blood cells

Question 15

spiral valve

Answer 15

valve in intestine of the squalus that forces food to slow down and increase absorption

Question 16

rectal gland

Answer 16

gland that excretes salt water isosmotic with plasma to maintain salt homeostasis in squalus

Question 17

epiglottis

Answer 17

prevents food and liquid from entering lungs in mammals

Question 18

greater omentum

Answer 18

fibrous fatty material that prevents viscera from sticking together in mammals

Question 19

corpus of stomach

Answer 19

main body of stomach; mixes food and begins digestion

Question 20

pyloric sphincter

Answer 20

muscle that prevents food from traveling from pylorus of stomach into duodenum

Question 21

cecum

Answer 21

the beginning of the large intestine; absorbs fluids and salts that remain after intestinal digestion and mix contents with lubricating mucus

Question 22

rectum

Answer 22

where solid waste is stored until it is excreted