Lab Exam 3 Digestive System Flashcards
Esophagus
transports food from mouth to stomach
crop
produces ‘milk’ and stores food in pigeons
proventriculus
anterior projection of stomach posterior to esophagus that produces acid to break down food in pigeons
gizzard
muscular organ that stores small rocks used to mechanically break down food in pigeons
intestine
assists in food breakdown and nutrient absorption
pancreas
releases digestive enzymes and insulin
lamprey pharynx
transports water from mouth through gill arches
liver
regulates chemical levels and produces bile
transverse septum
separates the pericardial and pleuroperitoneal cavities in squalus
gall bladder
stores bile
stomach rugae
folds in stomach wall that allow for expansion and higher surface area
duodenum
first part of small intestine leading directly from the stomach; beginning of nutrient absorption
pylorus of stomach
posterior part of stomach connected to duodenum; holds food until it is ready to be moved to the intestines for digestion
spleen
stores and filters blood and produces white blood cells
spiral valve
valve in intestine of the squalus that forces food to slow down and increase absorption
rectal gland
gland that excretes salt water isosmotic with plasma to maintain salt homeostasis in squalus
epiglottis
prevents food and liquid from entering lungs in mammals
greater omentum
fibrous fatty material that prevents viscera from sticking together in mammals
corpus of stomach
main body of stomach; mixes food and begins digestion
pyloric sphincter
muscle that prevents food from traveling from pylorus of stomach into duodenum
cecum
the beginning of the large intestine; absorbs fluids and salts that remain after intestinal digestion and mix contents with lubricating mucus
rectum
where solid waste is stored until it is excreted
