Lab Exam 3: Connective Tissue

Question 1

connective tissue

Answer 1

found in all parts of body as discrete structures or whole body organs

Question 2

what is the most abundant and widely spread tissue type?

Answer 2

connective tissue

Question 3

4 main types of connective tissue

Answer 3

connective tissue proper
cartilage
bone
blood

Question 4

Two subclasses of connective tissue proper

Answer 4

loose connective tissue (areolar, adipose, reticular)

dense connective tissue (dense regular, dense irregular, elastic)

Question 5

Main functions of connective tissue

Answer 5

protect, support, insulate, bind together other tissues of body

Question 6

connective tissue in the bones

Answer 6

osseous tissue

- protect and support other body tissues and organs

Question 7

what type of connective tissue are ligaments and tendons and what do they do?

Answer 7

dense regular connective tissue

- bind bones together or connect skeletal muscle to bones

Question 8

areolar connective tissue

Answer 8

soft packaging material that cushions and protects body organs

Question 9

adipose tissue

Answer 9

provides insulation for the body tissues and a source of stored energy

Question 10

3 characteristics of connective tissue

Answer 10

common origin - embryonic tissue
degrees of vascularity - rich blood supply except cartilage (avascular) and dense (poorly vascularized)
extracellular matrix

Question 11

Two components of extracellular matrix

Answer 11

ground substance and fibers

Question 12

ground substance

Answer 12

composed of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans
may be liquid, semisolid, gel-like or very hard

Question 13

lacunae

Answer 13

cavities in the matrix

Question 14

Fibers that provide support

Answer 14

collagen fibers (white), elastic fibers (yellow), reticular (fine collagen)

Question 15

most abundant fiber?

Answer 15

collagen

Question 16

all connective tissues are a variation of what type of connective tissue

Answer 16

areolar

Question 17

cell type that secretes its matrix

Answer 17

fibroblast

Question 18

gel-like ground substance containing fibers, star shaped mesenchymal cells

Answer 18

embryonic connective tissue: mesenchymal description

Question 19

function of embryonic CT mesenchymal

Answer 19

gives rise to all other connective tissue types

Question 20

location of embryonic CT mesenchymal

Answer 20

embryo

Question 21

gel-like matrix with all 3 fiber types/ cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, mast cells, some WBC

Answer 21

CT loose: areolar

Question 22

wraps and cushions organs. the macrophages phagocytose the bacteria. role in inflammation. holds and conveys tissue fluid

Answer 22

function of CT loose: areolar

Question 23

location of CT loose, areolar

Answer 23

under epithelia of body

- forms lamina propria of mucous membranes, packages organs, surrounds capillaries

Question 24

matrix like areolar but sparse, closely packed adipocytes, have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet

Answer 24

description of CT: loose, adipose

Question 25

function of CT loose: adipose

Answer 25

provides reserve fuel insulates against heat loss supports and protects organs

Question 26

location of CT loose: adipose

Answer 26

under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, within abdomen, in breasts

Question 27

network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance, reticular cells lie on the network

Answer 27

description of CT proper: loose, reticular

Question 28

fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types - WBC, mast cells, macrophages

Answer 28

function of CT proper: loose, reticular

Question 29

in lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen)

Answer 29

location of CT proper: loose, reticular

Question 30

primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastic fibers, major cell type = fibroblast

Answer 30

CT proper: dense regular

Question 31

function of CT proper dense regular

Answer 31

attaches muscle to bone, attaches bone to bone, withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction

Question 32

location of CT proper dense regular

Answer 32

tendons, most ligaments , aponeuroses

Question 33

dense regular CT containing a high proportion of elastic fibers

Answer 33

function of CT proper - elastic

Question 34

function of CT proper: elastic

Answer 34

allows recoil of tissue following stretching maintains pulsatile flow of blood through arteries aids passive recoil of lungs following inspiration

Question 35

location of CT proper- elastic

Answer 35

walls of large arteries, within certain ligaments associated with vertebral column, in walls of bronchial tubes

Question 36

primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers, some elastic fibers, major cell type: fibroblast

Answer 36

description of CT proper: dense irregular

Question 37

function of CT proper: dense irregular

Answer 37

able to withstand tension exerted in many directions | provides structural strength

Question 38

location of CT proper: dense irregular

Answer 38

fibrous capsules of organs and joints dermis of skin submucosa of digestive tract

Question 39

amorphous, but firm matrix collagen fibers form imperceptible network chondroblasts produce matrix and when mature they lie in lacunae

Answer 39

description of cartilage (hyaline)

Question 40

function of collagen - hyaline

Answer 40

supports and reinforces serves as resilient cushion resists compressive stress

Question 41

forms most of the embryonic skeleton, covers ends of long bones in joint cavities forms costal cartilages of ribs, cartilages of nose, trchea, larynx

Answer 41

location of cartilage - hyaline

Question 42

description of cartilage - elastic

Answer 42

more elastic fibers in matrix than hyaline cartilage

Question 43

function of elastic cartilage

Answer 43

maintains shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility

Question 44

location of elastic cartilage

Answer 44

supports external ear , epiglottis

Question 45

matrix less firm than that in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate

Answer 45

description of cartilage - fibrocartilage

Question 46

function of fibrocartilage

Answer 46

tensile strength with ability to absorb compressive shock

Question 47

location of fibrocartilage

Answer 47

intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, discs of knee joint - blue and purple on slide

Question 48

description of bones (osseous tissue)

Answer 48

hard, calcified matrix with many collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in lacunae;well vascularized

Question 49

function of osseous tissue (bone)

Answer 49

- supports and protects - provides levers for muscles to act on - stores Ca and minerals and fat - marrow in bones is site of blood cell formation `

Question 50

description of blood

Answer 50

red and white blood cells in fluid matrix

Question 51

function of blood

Answer 51

transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes

Question 52

location of blood

Answer 52

contained within blood vessels