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A & P Lab > Lab Exam 3: Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Lab Exam 3: Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

connective tissue

A

found in all parts of body as discrete structures or whole body organs

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2
Q

what is the most abundant and widely spread tissue type?

A

connective tissue

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3
Q

4 main types of connective tissue

A

connective tissue proper
cartilage
bone
blood

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4
Q

Two subclasses of connective tissue proper

A

loose connective tissue (areolar, adipose, reticular)

dense connective tissue (dense regular, dense irregular, elastic)

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5
Q

Main functions of connective tissue

A

protect, support, insulate, bind together other tissues of body

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6
Q

connective tissue in the bones

A

osseous tissue

- protect and support other body tissues and organs

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7
Q

what type of connective tissue are ligaments and tendons and what do they do?

A

dense regular connective tissue

- bind bones together or connect skeletal muscle to bones

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8
Q

areolar connective tissue

A

soft packaging material that cushions and protects body organs

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9
Q

adipose tissue

A

provides insulation for the body tissues and a source of stored energy

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10
Q

3 characteristics of connective tissue

A

common origin - embryonic tissue
degrees of vascularity - rich blood supply except cartilage (avascular) and dense (poorly vascularized)
extracellular matrix

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11
Q

Two components of extracellular matrix

A

ground substance and fibers

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12
Q

ground substance

A

composed of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans
may be liquid, semisolid, gel-like or very hard

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13
Q

lacunae

A

cavities in the matrix

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14
Q

Fibers that provide support

A

collagen fibers (white), elastic fibers (yellow), reticular (fine collagen)

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15
Q

most abundant fiber?

A

collagen

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16
Q

all connective tissues are a variation of what type of connective tissue

A

areolar

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17
Q

cell type that secretes its matrix

A

fibroblast

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18
Q

gel-like ground substance containing fibers, star shaped mesenchymal cells

A

embryonic connective tissue: mesenchymal description

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19
Q

function of embryonic CT mesenchymal

A

gives rise to all other connective tissue types

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20
Q

location of embryonic CT mesenchymal

A

embryo

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21
Q

gel-like matrix with all 3 fiber types/ cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, mast cells, some WBC

A

CT loose: areolar

22
Q

wraps and cushions organs. the macrophages phagocytose the bacteria. role in inflammation. holds and conveys tissue fluid

A

function of CT loose: areolar

23
Q

location of CT loose, areolar

A

under epithelia of body

- forms lamina propria of mucous membranes, packages organs, surrounds capillaries

24
Q

matrix like areolar but sparse, closely packed adipocytes, have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet

A

description of CT: loose, adipose

25
Q

function of CT loose: adipose

A

provides reserve fuel
insulates against heat loss
supports and protects organs

26
Q

location of CT loose: adipose

A

under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, within abdomen, in breasts

27
Q

network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance, reticular cells lie on the network

A

description of CT proper: loose, reticular

28
Q

fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types - WBC, mast cells, macrophages

A

function of CT proper: loose, reticular

29
Q

in lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen)

A

location of CT proper: loose, reticular

30
Q

primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastic fibers, major cell type = fibroblast

A

CT proper: dense regular

31
Q

function of CT proper dense regular

A

attaches muscle to bone, attaches bone to bone, withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction

32
Q

location of CT proper dense regular

A

tendons, most ligaments , aponeuroses

33
Q

dense regular CT containing a high proportion of elastic fibers

A

function of CT proper - elastic

34
Q

function of CT proper: elastic

A

allows recoil of tissue following stretching
maintains pulsatile flow of blood through arteries
aids passive recoil of lungs following inspiration

35
Q

location of CT proper- elastic

A

walls of large arteries, within certain ligaments associated with vertebral column, in walls of bronchial tubes

36
Q

primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers, some elastic fibers, major cell type: fibroblast

A

description of CT proper: dense irregular

37
Q

function of CT proper: dense irregular

A

able to withstand tension exerted in many directions

provides structural strength

38
Q

location of CT proper: dense irregular

A

fibrous capsules of organs and joints
dermis of skin
submucosa of digestive tract

39
Q

amorphous, but firm matrix
collagen fibers form imperceptible network
chondroblasts produce matrix and when mature they lie in lacunae

A

description of cartilage (hyaline)

40
Q

function of collagen - hyaline

A

supports and reinforces
serves as resilient cushion
resists compressive stress

41
Q

forms most of the embryonic skeleton, covers ends of long bones in joint cavities
forms costal cartilages of ribs, cartilages of nose, trchea, larynx

A

location of cartilage - hyaline

42
Q

description of cartilage - elastic

A

more elastic fibers in matrix than hyaline cartilage

43
Q

function of elastic cartilage

A

maintains shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility

44
Q

location of elastic cartilage

A

supports external ear , epiglottis

45
Q

matrix less firm than that in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate

A

description of cartilage - fibrocartilage

46
Q

function of fibrocartilage

A

tensile strength with ability to absorb compressive shock

47
Q

location of fibrocartilage

A

intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, discs of knee joint

  • blue and purple on slide
48
Q

description of bones (osseous tissue)

A

hard, calcified matrix with many collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in lacunae;well vascularized

49
Q

function of osseous tissue (bone)

A
  • supports and protects
  • provides levers for muscles to act on
  • stores Ca and minerals and fat
  • marrow in bones is site of blood cell formation `
50
Q

description of blood

A

red and white blood cells in fluid matrix

51
Q

function of blood

A

transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes

52
Q

location of blood

A

contained within blood vessels

A & P Lab (12 decks)

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