Lab Exam 3: CNS & Senses, PNS, Endocrine System & Internal Organs

Question 1

How are cervical spinal nerves named?

Answer 1

based on vertebra below the nerve

Question 2

How are thoracic & lumbar spinal nerves named?

Answer 2

based on vertebra above the nerve

Question 3

What does the fibrous tunic layer of eye consist of?

Answer 3

sclera & cornea

Question 4

what does the vascular tunic layer of the eye consist of?

Answer 4

choroid & iris

Question 5

what does the sensory tunic layer of the eye consist of?

Answer 5

Retina

Question 6

What is sensed in the vestibule?

Answer 6

balance

Question 7

what are the major plexuses of the PNS?

Answer 7

Cervical Plexus
Brachial Plexus
Lumbosacral Plexus

Question 8

what is a plexus

Answer 8

bundle of nerves innervating a certain region of the body

Question 9

Where is the cervical plexus located and what regions of the body does it innervates

Answer 9

C1-C4
-innervates the neck & throat, and diaphragm

Question 10

where is the brachial plexus located and what regions of the body does it innervate

Answer 10

C5-C11
-innervates shoulder and arm

Question 11

where is the lumbosacral plexus located and what regions of the body does it innervate

Answer 11

L1-S4
-Lumbar innervates abdomen, hips, & legs
-Sacral innervates hips & legs

Question 12

Which nerve originates anteriorly, passes posteriorly around the olecranon process, and then passes anteriorly through the medial forearm

Answer 12

Ulnar nerve

Question 13

which nerve innervates the only muscles found in the shoulder

Answer 13

Axillary nerve

Question 14

which nerve passes posteriorly through the upper arm, anteriorly over the elbow, and then posteriorly through the forearm

Answer 14

Radial nerve

Question 15

Which nerve is the major nerve in the anterior thigh

Answer 15

Femoral nerve

Question 16

which nerve is the major nerve in the posterior thigh, and splits into other nerves at the knee

Answer 16

Sciatic nerve

Question 17

which nerve splits laterally from the sciatic nerve and passes into the anterior lower leg

Answer 17

Common Peroneal (fibular) nerve

Question 18

which nerve splits medially from the sciatic nerve and enters the posterior lower leg

Answer 18

Tibial nerve

Question 19

Which direction do signals go for motor neurons

Answer 19

Away from spinal cord (leave CNS)

Question 20

Which direction do signals go for sensory neurons

Answer 20

To spinal cord (Come to CNS)

Question 21

What color represents nerves on models

Answer 21

Yellow

Question 22

what kind of tissue is the papillae of the tongue made of

Answer 22

epithelial tissue

Question 23

what kind of tissue is the lamina propria of the tongue made of

Answer 23

connective tissue

Question 24

where are taste buds of the tongue found

Answer 24

on the sides of papillae

Question 25

what hormone does the hypothalamus produce

Answer 25

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 26

what effect does antidiuretic hormone have

Answer 26

stimulates the reabsorption and retention of water by kidneys

Question 27

what hormones does the thyroid produce

Answer 27

Thyroxine (T4) Triiodothyronine (T3) Calcitonin

Question 28

what effect does Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) have

Answer 28

Increase basal metabolic rates & protein synthesis

Question 29

what effect does calcitonin have

Answer 29

decreases calcium in the blood

Question 30

what hormones does the ovary produce

Answer 30

estrogen Progesterone

Question 31

what effect do estrogen and progesterone have

Answer 31

regulates ovarian cycle

Question 32

what hormone does the pineal gland produce

Answer 32

melatonin

Question 33

what effect does melatonin have on the body

Answer 33

regulates sleep cycles

Question 34

what hormone does the anterior pituitary produce

Answer 34

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 35

what effect does Luteinizing hormone (LH) have

Answer 35

stimulates production of sex cells in ovaries and testes, and regulates the production of hormones

Question 36

what hormone does the parathyroid produce

Answer 36

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 37

what effect does Parathyroid hormone (PTH) have

Answer 37

increases calcium in blood

Question 38

what hormone does the pancreas produce

Answer 38

Insulin

Question 39

what effect does insulin have

Answer 39

decreases blood glucose levels

Question 40

What structure are the adrenal glands most closely associated with

Answer 40

Kidneys

Question 41

What structure is the thymus most closely associated with

Answer 41

Heart

Question 42

What structure is the thyroid most closely associated with

Answer 42

Larynx

Question 43

What structure is the pituitary most closely associated with

Answer 43

Brain

Question 44

What structure is the parathyroid most closely associated with

Answer 44

Thyroid gland (posterior portion)

Question 45

What 2 hormones are associated with maintaining calcium levels in the blood? What causes each to be secreted and what effects do they have?

Answer 45

Calcitonin- secreted when calcium levels are high -causes calcium in blood to decrease Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)- secreted when calcium levels are low -causes calcium in blood to increase

Question 46

What major organ system is the heart associated with?

Answer 46

Cardiovascular

Question 47

What major organ system are the lungs associated with?

Answer 47

Respiratory

Question 48

What major organ system is the stomach associated with?

Answer 48

Digestive

Question 49

What major organ system is the small intestine associated with?

Answer 49

Digestive

Question 50

What major organ system is the large intestine (colon) associated with?

Answer 50

Digestive

Question 51

What major organ system is the liver associated with?

Answer 51

Digestive

Question 52

What major organ system is the gall bladder associated with?

Answer 52

Digestive

Question 53

What major organ system is the pancreas associated with?

Answer 53

Digestive

Question 54

What major organ system are the kidneys associated with?

Answer 54

Urinary

Question 55

What major organ system is the bladder associated with?

Answer 55

Urinary

Question 56

How do glands appear on the models

Answer 56

light yellow, bubbly looking structures