Lab Exam 2: Muscles Flashcards
What are the muscle tissues?
skeletal Muscle
smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
what are the parts of nervous tissue?
Nucleus
cell body
dendrites
axon
What does skeletal muscle do?
moves the skeleton
what does smooth muscle do?
moves the organs
what does cardiac muscle do?
contracts the heart
Describe skeletal muscle tissue
Obvious striations (cross-hatched pattern)
multiple nucleated nuclei
Describe smooth muscle tissue
not striated
spindle shaped cells
elongated nuclei
adipose + epithelial tissue surrounds
Describe cardiac muscle tissue
less obvious striations
cell is smaller in diameter
larger, oval-shaped nuclei
Branching - pockets between branching fibers
Why is subscapularis not visible in posterior view of scapula?
It can only be seen in the anterior view of the body
What are the superficial muscles of the anterior view of the forearm
brachioradialis
flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus
flexor carpi radialis
where would flexor digitorum superficialis be located on superficial, anterior view of forearm?
flexor digitorum superficialis would be deep to the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm
what is unique about the structure of flexor digitorum superficialis?
It has multiple tendons that extend into the digits
what muscle is deep to rectus femoris?
Vastus intermedius
where do the quadriceps (vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, & vastus medialis) originate
on the femur
which quadricep does not originate on the femur?
rectus femoris
where does rectus femoris originate
anterior inferior iliac spine
what does the origin point of rectus femoris allow it to do
flex the thigh, extend the leg
what motion at what joint would all of the adductor muscles of the thigh all be capable of doing?
adduct and laterally rotate the thigh at the hip joint.
what is the orientation of the muscle fibers of external abdominal oblique if looking at left anterior view of body
High lateral to low medial
what is the orientation of the muscle fibers of internal abdominal oblique if looking at left anterior view of body
high medial to low lateral
what is the orientation of the muscle fibers of transverse abdominis
horizontal from medial to lateral
what is the orientation of the muscle fibers of rectus abdominis
vertical
what is the primary function of the masseter?
elevates and protracts the mandible
what is the primary function of the sternocleidomastoid?
one: rotates and extends neck
both: flex the neck
based on orientation of the fibers, what are the functions of rectus abdominis
flexes vertebral column
compresses abdominal wall
based on orientations of the fibers, what are the functions of external abdominal oblique
compresses abdominal wall
laterally rotates trunk
based on orientations of the fibers, what are the functions of internal abdominal oblique
compresses abdominal wall
laterally rotates trunk
based on orientations of the fibers, what are the functions of transverse abdominis
compresses abdominal wall
laterally rotates trunk
On what side of the forearm can you find the flexor muscles
anterior side
on what side of the forearm can you find the extensor muscles
posterior
what muscle underlies the scapula
subscapularis
what are the erector spinae muscles
spinalis
longissimus
iliocostalis
what type of motion do the erector spinae muscles perform when contracted
extends and rotates vertebral column and head
what major group of muscles is visible on posterior view of thigh
hamstrings
what 2 major groups of muscles are visible on the anterior view of the thigh
quadriceps
adductors
where is soleus located
deep to gastrocnemius
what tendon is shared by soleus and the muscle overlying it
Achilles tendon
