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Lab exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the seven-step comprehensive screening process

A
  • informed consent
  • Par-Q+
  • Medical health history
  • signs and symptoms of disease and medical clearance
  • a coronary risk factor
  • lifestyle evaluation
  • disease risk classification
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2
Q

informed consent

A
  • legal document signed by both parties
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3
Q

what is the purpose of an informed consent

A
  • to explain the purpose, risk, and benefits of participating in the testing process
  • shows voluntary participation from individual
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4
Q

what is the ACSM recommendation for health screening guidelines

A

that there should be screened by a self-guided medical history or health risk appraisal questionnaire
- helps to identify risks, current conditions, special attention, etc.
- dictates exercise recommendations and protocols

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5
Q

what is a PAR-Q

A
  • physical activity readiness questionnaire
  • 7 questions
  • identifies who needs medical clearance before fitness testing and or exercise program
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6
Q

what is the purpose of a PAR-Q+

A

helps determine the indiviudla’s readiness to perform physical activity

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7
Q

what happens if there is a single yes on the questionnaire

A

medical clearance is required

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8
Q

purpose of medical and health history

A

Collects info about individuals past and present personal health history and family history

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9
Q

what family member’s conditions are included in the medical history form

A

first (brother sister, mom, dad), second (grandparents, aunts, uncles, niece nephew), and third (great grandparents, cousins) degree family members

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10
Q

why are medications being taken important to know in a medical history form

A

because some medications like beta blockers can cause orthostatic hypotension

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11
Q

what is the purpose of coronary risk factor analysis

A

establishes risk by quantifying individuals number of coronary heart disease risk factors

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12
Q

how are risk factors used to determine readiness

A
  • ranking of low moderate or high risk with the presence or absence of CVD disease
  • looks at signs and symptoms of cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or metabolic disease
  • looks at known cardiovascular pulmonary, renal, or metabolic disease
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13
Q

what are the categories of the CVD risk factors

A
  • age
  • family history
  • cigarette smoking
  • sedentary lifestyle
  • obesity
  • hypertension
  • dyslipidemia
  • prediabetes
  • high density lipiprotein (HDL) cholesterol (negative risk factor)
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14
Q

what is the defining criteria for age as a risk factor

A

men >= 45 yrs
women >= 55 yrs

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15
Q

what are the defining characteristics for family history as a risk factor

A

myocardial infarction, coronary revasularization or sudden death before 55 yrs in father or first degree male relative or before 65 yrs in mother or other first degree female relative

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16
Q

defining criteria for cigarette smoking as a CVD risk factor

A

current cigarette smoker or those who quit within the previous 6 month or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

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17
Q

defining criteria sedentary lifestyle as a CVD risk factor

A

not participating in at least 30 min of moderate intensity, physical activity on at least 3 days/wk for at least 3 mo

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18
Q

defining criteria for obesity as a CVD risk factor

A
  • body mass index >= 30 kgm^-2
  • waist girth > 102 cm (40 in) for men and >88 cm (35 in) for women
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19
Q

defining criteria for hypertension as a CVD risk factor

A

systolic blood pressure >= 140mmHg and/or diastolic >= 90 mmHg
- confirmed by measurements of at least two separate occasions
- on antihypertensive medication

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20
Q

defining criteria for dyslipidemia as a CVD risk factor

A
  • LDL cholexteroal >=130 mg/dL
  • HDL cholesteoral < 40 mg/dL
  • on lipid lowering medication
  • total serum cholesterol is all that is available >=200mg/dL
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21
Q

defining criteria for prediabetes as a CVD risk factor

A
  • impaired fasting glucose = fasting plasma glucose >/100 mg/dL and <= 125 mg/dL
  • impaired glucose tolerance = 2 h values in oral glucose tolerance test >= 140 mg.dL and <=199 mg/dL confirmed by measurements on at least two separate occasions
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22
Q

defining criteria for HDL cholesterol as a negative CVD risk factor

A

> =60 mg/dl

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23
Q

what are the disease risk classifications

A
  • low risk
  • moderate risk
  • high risk
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24
Q

low disease risk criteria for classification

A

asymptomatic and young and <2 net risk factors for CVD

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25
moderate disease risk criteria for classification
asymptomatic and >1 net risk factor for CVD applies to both younger and older groups
26
high disease risk criteria for classification
symptomatic or known cardiovascular pulmonary or metabolic disease
27
when is the medical exam rec before exercise needed for the different risk factors
for low risk, dont need mod risk: need for vig ex high risk: need for both mod and vig ex
28
what are clinical tests that can be performed to assess exercise readines
- physical exams - blood chemistry profile - blood pressure assessment - 12-lead electrocardiogram - graded exercise test
29
blood chemsitry profile
- determine client has normal values for selected blood values - looks at blood sugar, anemia, etc.
30
blood pressure assessment
determine if client is hypeternsive and values are also use d for coronary risk factor analysis - high BP can put stress on and increase the effects of strenuous activity
31
purpose of lifestyle eval for health screening
- identifies lifestyle patterns and habits - highlights possible challenges to adherence
32
what defines a healthy weight for an individual
there is no ideal weight but weight and health risk are related
33
what is the U curve in regard to health risk and weight
there is a normal healthy weight for body function and health risk increases if weight is too low or too higho
34
obesity
leads to hypertenison, diabetes, other health concerns
35
severely underweight
decreased function bc u need fat to live and for fuel
36
body density
the relative body fat %
37
what does body comp need to take into account
water, muscle, bone,
38
types of methods for assessing body comp
- hydrostatic weighing - air displacement plethysmography (ADP) - dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DEXA) - skinfold measurements - bioelectrical impedance method (BIA) - body mass index - waist to hip ratio
39
hydrostatic weighing
provides an estimate of total body volume by looking at displaced water
40
body density
body mass/body volume
41
Air displacement plethysmography (ADP)
- uses air displacement instead of water to get an estimated body volume and density - quicker than hydrostatic weighing
42
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
yields estimates of bone mineral, fat and lean soft tissue
43
skinfold measurements
- indirectly measures thickness of subcutaneous adipose tissue - distribution of fat is similar for individuals within the same gender
44
where does skinfold occur on men
chest, abodmen, thight
45
where does skinfold occur on female
triceps, supraillium, thigh
46
Bioelectrical impedence method
low level current passed through the body and the impedance to the flow is measured
47
what is the bioelectrical impedence method affected by
hydration levels
48
body mass index
used to classify between obese, overweight, and underweight to identify those at risk for obesity related disease
49
how is BMI calculated
body weight/height^2
50
submaximal exercise
physical activity performed below an individuals maximum capacity
51
what are the submaximal exercise tests
- rockport walk test - YMCA step test - push up
52
when does anaerobic metabolism occur
at the beginning of all exercise
53
when does aerobic metabolism take place
predominant energy production pathway with continued moderate exercise
54
how is intensity and power output related
inversely
55
are anaerobic measurements used
not usually considered bc its not necessary for health-related physical fitness
56
what is anaerobic ability
defined as the ability to perform short duration very high intensity work bouts
57
what does anaerobic performance depend on
- ATP-PC - anaerobic glycolysis
58
what is a measurement of anaerobic power and capacity
Wingate Cycle test
59
what is the wingate test
pedaling as fast as possible for 30 s again 7.5% of your body weight
60
how much power does a wingate test require
a power output that is typically 2-4 times greater than a VO2 max effort
61
realiabilty
is the test repeatable or stable under similar circumstances
62
how does the wingate test show specificity
allows for distinction between athletes with predominamnet SO or FG fibers
63
how to calculate work
force * distnace - use the resistance, rev/min, distance/rev, and time completed to get value in kg*m - convert to joules
64
calculate power
work/unit time
65
peak power
greatest power produced in 5 second period - peak power normally occurs within a 5 second period
66
how to calculate peak power
work (kg*m)/time (min)
67
how to calculate relative PP
PP (kg*m)/BM(kg)
68
what does peak power show
the power of the anaerobic systems
69
mean power
the average power produced throughout the entire test
70
how to calculate mean power
work/time
71
how to calculate relative mean power
mean power/BM
72
what does mean power show
the ability to generate and sustain power for 30 seconds utilizing ATP-PC and anaerobic glycolysis
73
what is the biggest contributer to the mean power measurements
the glycolytic pathways
74
fatigue index
- also the percent decline - the percentage decline in power over 30s
75
how to calculate fatgiue index
(peak power-minimum power)/peak power * 100
76
what does a higher FI tell you
there is a higher % of FT fibers
77
what is total work
total work accomplished during the tes
78
how to calculate total work
total distance/force
79
how to calculate relative total work
TW (J) *BM (kg)

Ex Phys (11 decks)

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