Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology Lab > Lab Exam 1 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are some objects that are regularly flamed to avoid contamination?

A

opening of glass tube of microbes
loop tool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the power of the ocular lens?

A

10x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the powers of the four objective lenes of the microscope?

A

4x
10x
40x
100x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the smallest total magnification and the largest total magnification our compound microscope can magnify?

A

40x - 1000x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the purpose of oil immersion?

A

reduces light refraction which limits loss of light in order to view clear image (increase the resolution) at 1000x magnification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which objective lens requires immersion oil?

A

100x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a smear? Is microbe alive?

A

fusing of a microbe to a glass slide
microbes are dead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a wet mount? is microbe alive?

A

liquid sample containing Living culture of microbes
yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the steps of making a smear?

A
  1. take two loopfuls of bacteria to target circle
  2. air dry
  3. heat fix by running slide through flame 6 times
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the purpose of fusing bacteria to slide?

A

kills bacteria
makes bacteria easier to see because they are not moving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

WHAT do we flame during preparation of smear? why?

A

-opening of microbe vile
- looping tool

to follow aseptic technique and not contaminate microbes to other surfaces or the microbes themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the advantages of using a wet mount instead of a smear?

A

live organisms (you can see how they function)
easy to prep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why do we stain microbes?

A

to better see morphology (size and shape)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is simple stain different than a differential stain?

A

simple stain uses one dye
differential stain uses multiple dyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the names and colors of the simple stains we used at beginning of class?

A

methylene blue (blue)
safranin (pink)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the basic steps to differential stain technique?

A
  1. start with applying primary stain to smear
  2. use mordant
  3. use decolorizer
  4. use counterstain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is a mordant’s purpose?

A

helps dye color stick in target cells (intensifies color)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the decolorizer’s purpose?

A

removes color from the background and any non-target cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the counterstain’s purpose

A

stains non-target cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the reason to use a differential stain technique?

A

to help see and differentiate different microbes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

during which step is the simple stain used within the differential staining technique?

A

last step = secondary/differential stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

during which step is the differential stain used during the differential staining technique?

A

first step = differential stain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

would malachite green be considered a simple or differential stain?

A

differential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the primary stain in the spore staining technique?

A

malachite green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is the mordant in the spore staining technique?
steam
26
what is the decolorizer in the spore staining technique?
distilled water
27
what is the counterstain in the spore staining technique?
safranin
28
what are two genera of common spore formers?
29
what is the color of the endospores at the end?
endospores are green
30
what appears to be pink at the end of endospore staining?
vegetative cells
31
what is the primary stain in gram staining?
crystal violet
32
what is the mordant in gram staining?
iodine
33
what is the decolorizer used in gram staining?
alcohol and acetone
34
what is the counterstain used in gram staining?
safranin
35
what color is a Gram positive cell at the end of stain?
purple
36
what color is a Gram negative cell at the end of stain?
pink
37
what are the shapes and genera of the two Gram bacteria we used?
Staphylococcus - coccus Escherchia - bacillus
38
what is the primary stain in acid-fast staining?
basic fuchsin
39
what is the mordant in acid-fast staining?
phenol + dimethyl sulfoxide
40
what is the name when basic fuchsin is mixed with the mordant in acid-fast technique?
carbol fuchsin
41
what is the decolorizer used in acid-fast technique?
acid-alcohol
42
what is the counterstain used in acid-fast technique?
methylene blue
43
what color are the acid-fast target cells at the end of acid-fast technique?
red
44
what color are the non-target cells of acid-fast technique?
blue
45
what is the genus of the acid-fast microbe used?
46
what is the genus of the non-target cell in the acid-fast technique?
47
How is negative stain different from other staining protocols that we performed?
We stain the background of the slide, rather than the cell itself
48
How is the fixing step for the capsule stain different from the other staining protocols that we performed before?
it uses chemical fixing as opposed to heat fixing
49
what is the primary stain in capsule staining?
Congo red
50
what is the purpose of the acid-alcohol for the capsule stain? how is this different than how it was used for acid-fast?
In capsule staining, acid-alcohol chemically fixes the cells to the slide In acid-fast, acid-alcohol is used as the decolorizer
51
what is the secondary stain used in capsule staining?
Carbol fuchsin
52
what was the genus of the organism we used in capsule staining?
53
How do capsules appear at the end of capsule staining?
background will be dark blue/purple and magenta capsules will look like a clear halo around the pinkish color of the bacillus shaped cell
54
what color is background of capsule staining?
Dark blue/purple and magenta
55
name
common name: Tapeworm
56
what is the name of the head of this organism? meaning?
scolex - "head with suckers"
57
what are we looking at? genus name?
58
where can Planaria be found?
in digestive system
59
what is the difference between Planaria and the tapeworm?
tapeworms are parasitic flatworms while Planaria are non-parasitic flatworms
60
Genus?
61
Genus?
62
what is the centermost organism considered to be (not talking genus name)
zygospores (sexual reproduction)
63
what is the organism in the bottom right corner considered to be (not talking genus name)
sporangia (asexual reproduction)
64
Is this a bacteria, yeast, or fungus? (Not asking for genus or species name)
mold/fungi
65
what is the name of this?
Common name: Hydra
66
what type of animal is this
invertebrate freshwater animal
67
what are these projections?
feeding tentacles
68
Genus name?
69
genus name? (Color: green)
70
genus name?
71
what three microbes are molds?
Rhizopus Aspergillus Penicillium (All underlined)
72
what are molds?
multicellular fungi
73
genus?
74
What term is used to identify this structure (not name the genus)
cleistothecia - closed-fruiting body that contains sexual spores
75
name? (color is purple)
mixed budding yeast
76
How are yeast different than molds?
yeast are unicellular fungi molds are multicellular fungi
77
what is the common name of these?
diatom
78
Name a fact about diatoms
they are photosynthetic algae that contain silica in their cell walls
79
Name?
lichen
80
what is the term associated with this organism but is not its name? meaning?
thallus - vegetative fruiting body
81
genus name?
82
what is the darker purple dot within the microbe?
nucleus
83
what ailment can this cause?
protozoan parasite can cause STI
84
what are these? (Look closely)
bacteria capsules
85
what is the function of the halo-like portion of these cells?
help bacteria with attachment and evading immune cells
86
genus name?
87
where can these be found?
in soil and GI tract of human body
88
shape of these cells?
bacillus
89
genus name?
90
gram positive or gram negative?
Gram positive bacteria
91
gram positive or gram negative?
Gram positive bacteria
92
gram positive or gram negative? (pinkish/red cells)
Gram negative bacteria
93
what ailment can these cause?
strep throat
94
genus name?
95
what ailment does this cause?
STI, gonorrhea
96
what is the shape of this cell
coccus
97
This picture does not show the colors accurately. The lighter colors should be green and the dark splotches should be pink. what might this be a sample of?
endospores (bluish green) vegetative cells (pink)
98
Identify?: (smaller bits are green in color, longer bits are red in color)
endospores and vegetative cells
99
identify: (circular-shaped cells are blue in color, large clumps are pink)
acid-fast (Mycobacterium in pink) non-target (Staphylococcus in blue)
100
Planaria is hermaphorditic, what does that mean?
has both female and male sex organs
101
what is the genus?

Microbiology Lab (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions