lab diagnosis of bacteria

Question 1

in vivo

Answer 1

in the body

Question 2

in vitro

Answer 2

in the lab

Question 3

macconkey agar

Answer 3

selective for growth of Gram Negative bacteria, test for lactose vs non lactose fementing

Question 4

Lactose +

Answer 4

macconkey agar pink

Question 5

Lactose -

Answer 5

macconkey agar clear

Question 6

blood agar

Answer 6

differenciates ability to hemolyze RBC

Question 7

alpha-hemolysis

Answer 7

partial - green

Question 8

beta-hemolysis

Answer 8

complete clear around colonies

Question 9

gamma-hemolysis

Answer 9

none - no change

Question 10

macconkey sorbital agar

Answer 10

recovery of escherichia coli 0157

Question 11

buffered charcoal yeast extract agar

Answer 11

recovery of legionella and nocardia

Question 12

fastidious

Answer 12

complex nutritional requirements

Question 13

non-fastidious

Answer 13

simple nutritional requirements

Question 14

caphnophilic

Answer 14

prefers increased CO2, neisseria species

Question 15

microaerophilic

Answer 15

prefers reduced O2, helicobacter pylori, campylobacter jejuni

Question 16

aerotolerant anaerobe

Answer 16

anaerobe that can tolerate O2, clostridium perfringens

Question 17

facultative anaerobe

Answer 17

aerobe that can grow anaerobically, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli

Question 18

strict anaerobe

Answer 18

will not tolerate O2, bacteroides fragilis

Question 19

strict aerobe

Answer 19

requires O2, pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 20

wet preparations

Answer 20

unstained, used for larger parasites, and motility

Question 21

gram stain

Answer 21

differentiate from gram positive and gram negative

Question 22

primary stain of gram stain

Answer 22

crystal violet

Question 23

mordant of gram stain

Answer 23

iodine

Question 24

decolorizer of gram stain

Answer 24

alcohol

Question 25

counterstain of gram stain

Answer 25

safranin

Question 26

gram negative color

Answer 26

pink

Question 27

gram positive color

Answer 27

purple

Question 28

acid fast stain

Answer 28

used to detect mycobacteria

Question 29

AFB results

Answer 29

pink bacilli with blue/green background

Question 30

primary stain of acid fast

Answer 30

carbolfuchsin

Question 31

decolorized of acid fast

Answer 31

acid alcohol

Question 32

counter stainacid fast

Answer 32

methylene blue

Question 33

phenotypic identification

Answer 33

analysis of gene products: biochemical rxns, toxin production, and antigen structure

Question 34

oxidase test

Answer 34

detects cytochrome oxidase (oxidase = catalyze electrons during aerobic respiration), mainly identifies pseudomonas

Question 35

catalase test

Answer 35

use to differentiate staphylococcus from streptococcus

Question 36

catalase positive

Answer 36

bubbles = staphylococci

Question 37

catalase negative

Answer 37

no bubbles = streptococci

Question 38

coagulase

Answer 38

detects coagulase (coagulase=conversion of fibrogen to fibrin)

Question 39

coagulase positive

Answer 39

clumps form - S. aureus

Question 40

indole

Answer 40

detect degradation of amino acid tryptophan into indole

Question 41

genotypic identification

Answer 41

characterizing some portion of genome

Question 42

immunological identification

Answer 42

antigen-antibody reactions = ELISA

Question 43

Bacitracin

Answer 43

measure the zone of inhibition, identify streptococcus pyogens

Question 44

MIC

Answer 44

lowest antimicrobial concentration that completely inhibits visible bacterial growth

Question 45

MBC

Answer 45

lowest antimicrobial concentration that kills an organism

Question 46

kirby bauer test

Answer 46

disk diffusion - measures zone of inhibition and determine susceptibility and resistance - MIC NOT DETERMINED

Question 47

broth dilution test

Answer 47

used to determine MIC- last dose with growth

Question 48

E-test

Answer 48

used to determin MIC -growth/inhibition line