Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Lab Animal > Lab Animal Lab Midterm > Flashcards

Lab Animal Lab Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is anesthesia?

A

A state of unconsciousness induced in an animal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 goals of anesthesia?

A

Analgesia for pain relief, immobilization, and amnesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many stages of anesthesia are there?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many planes are involved in stage 3 of anesthesia?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens during Stage I of anesthesia?

A

Amnesia and analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What happens during Stage II of anesthesia?

A

Delirium and lack of inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens during Stage III of anesthesia?

A

Surgical anesthesia: characterized by progressive depression of respiration, circulation, reflexes, and muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens during Stage IV of anesthesia?

A

Pre-mortem: between apnea and circulatory collapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens at Plane 1 of Stage III?

A

The animal is under light surgical anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens at Plane 2 of Stage III?

A

The animal is under moderate surgical anesthesia; good for spays/neuters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens at Plane 3 of Stage III?

A

The animal is under deep surgical anesthesia; appropriate for more invasive surgeries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens at Plane 4 of Stage III?

A

The animal is in a deep surgical anesthesia plane; apnea will usually occur and the animal will have to be ventilated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some general considerations to consider?

A

If the species is used extensively or rarely, the different anatomy and physiology, if it is a dangerous or free-ranging species, and the size vs the metabolism of the animal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is the animal’s metabolism important with anesthesia?

A

The smaller the animal, the faster the metabolism, you need to consider when deciding what drugs to use and how fast they are eliminated from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What factors can not be assessed at a distance?

A
  • Nutrition
  • Disease
  • Infection (zoonotic)
  • Parasitic load
  • Estrus
  • Pregnancy
  • Lactation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What techniques should be used for anesthesia?

A

Accurate body weight, minimize stress, withhold feed, intubation, maintain body temperature, IV catheters, IV fluids, cardiovascular function, monitor reflexes and muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How long should food be withheld for a cat or larger?

A

12 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How long should food be withheld in small animals?

A

2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Is it necessary for food to be withheld from rodents?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why is it not recommended to intubate a rabbit?

A

Because of a disease called ileus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Should mice and rats be intubated?

A

No because they are too small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How much volume does an animal lose during anesthesia that should be replaced?

A

3x their body weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What routes can fluids be given?

A

IV, IP, SQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

At what size can you use the prepared concentration of a medication?

A

The size of a rabbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What should you consider anesthetically with a rabbit?

A

They are easily frightened, difficult to intubate, and in dorsal recumbency, their abdominal viscera may interfere with their diaphragm movement and venous return

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What should you consider anesthetically with a guinea pig?

A

They are difficult to intubate due to pharyngeal anatomy, their soft pallete is continuous with the base of the tongue so the glottis can not be visualized (palatal ostium), they also have a large cecum which contains 65% of their GI contents in addition to storing food in their mouths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What should you consider anesthetically with a hamster?

A

They hold food in their cheeks and tend to bite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What should you consider anesthetically with a zebra?

A

They are equines, but don’t always use the same doses as domestic equines for anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What should you remember for mouse ear notching?

A
  • Holes, notches, double notches

- Top, middle, bottom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

In what order do you notch mouse ears?

A
  • Right ear starts with holes 1, 2, 3; left ear starts with holes 10, 20, 30
  • Right ear notch 4, 5, 6; left ear notch 40, 50, 60
  • Right ear double notch 7, 8, 9; left ear double notch 70, 80, 90
  • Right ear middle hole = 100; left ear middle hole = 200
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What number can mouse ear notches go up to?

A

399

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Where would you place a microchip on a dog or a cat?

A

Subcutaneous on the dorsal midline, just cranial to the scapulae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Where would you place a microchip on a horse?

A

In the nuchal ligament, halfway between the ears and the withers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Where would you place a microchip on an agricultural animal?

A

Subcutaneous at the base of the left ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

In regards to solutions…

1% = how many grams per 100 mL?

A

1 g/100 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

In regards to solutions…

1% = how many milligrams per 100 mL?

A

10 mg /100 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the formula for dosage calculations?

A

Weight (kg) x dose/concentration = dosage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What reflex should an animal never lose?

A

Corneal reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What type of injection should be avoided on a mouse if possible, and why?

A

IM, because the sciatic nerve can be lacerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What type of injection isn’t recommended for a rabbit, and why?

A

IP, because the organs are too large and can get in the way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is normal surgical fluid rate?

A
  • Canine = 10 ml/kg/hr for the first hour then 5 ml/kg/hr

- Feline = 5 ml/kg/hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

During anesthesia animals lose the ability to ______ making it hard for them to maintain body heat

A

Shiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Do (colder/warmer) animals wake up faster from anesthesia?

A

Warmer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What reflexes do we monitor?

A

Palpebral, corneal, toe pinch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

How do you check the palpebral reflex?

A

Gently tap on the medial aspect of the eye, if the animal is still blinking they are too light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What cranial nerves are connected with the palpebral reflex?

A

5 and 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is a way to check muscle tone?

A

Jaw tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What cranial nerve is associated with jaw tone?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

If an animal is smaller than a ______ then a drugs concentration should be ________

A

Rabbit; diluted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What are the different types of identification for mice?

A
  • Microchips
  • Ear notch/punch
  • Tattooing
  • Toe clipping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

For IP injections rodents should be held at a ______ angle and the needle should be at a _____angle

A

225°/ 45°

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

How can you find percent concentration?

A

Want/got x need = percent concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What is the scientific name for the mouse?

A

Mus musculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What is the scientific name for the rat?

A

Rattus norvegicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What is the scientific name for the hamster?

A

Mesocricetus auratus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What is the scientific name for the gerbil?

A

Meriones unguiculatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What is the scientific name for the guinea pig?

A

Cavia porcellus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is the scientific name for the rabbit?

A

Oryctologus cuniculus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What is the scientific name for the cat?

A

Felis cattus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What is the scientific name for the dog?

A

Canis familiaris (domesticus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Which animals have a weaning age of 3 weeks?

A

Mouse, rat, hamster, gerbil and guinea pig

62
Q

What animals have a typical life span of 3 years?

A

Mouse, rat, hamster and gerbil

63
Q

What animals have a time of ovulation of 8-11 hours?

A

Mouse and rat, after beginning estrus

64
Q

What animals have a time of ovulation of 8-12 hours

A

Hamster and gerbil, after beginning estrus

65
Q

What animals have a breeding life of 5-7 years?

A

Cats and dogs

66
Q

What animals have an estrous cycle that lasts 4-5 days?

A

Mouse, rat and hamster

67
Q

What animals have a duration of estrus that lasts 9-20 hours?

A

Mouse and rat

68
Q

What animals are induced ovulators?

A

Rabbits and cats

69
Q

Which animal ovulates 24-36 hours after mating?

70
Q

Which animal ovulates 10 hours after mating?

71
Q

What animals have a weaning age of 6-8 weeks?

A

Cats and dogs

72
Q

What animals have a gestation period of 63 days?

A

Cats and dogs

73
Q

What animals have a life span of typically 13-17 years?

A

Cats and dogs

74
Q

Which animals have a breeding life of 1 year?

A

Rats (6-8 liters) and hamsters

75
Q

What animal has a weaning age of 8 weeks?

76
Q

What animal has a life span of 5-6 years?

A

Guinea pigs

77
Q

What animal has a life span of 5-10 years?

78
Q

What animal has a time of ovulation of 10 hours?

A

Guinea pigs, after beginning estrus

79
Q

What animal has a time of ovulation of 3-4 days?

A

Dogs, after estrus

80
Q

What animal’s breeding life is 9 months?

A

Mouse (6-8 liters)

81
Q

What animal has a breeding life of 1-2 years?

82
Q

What animal has a breeding life of 4-5 years?

A

Guinea pigs, for males

83
Q

What animal has a breeding life of 2-3 years?

84
Q

What animal has an estrous cycle of 4-7 days?

85
Q

What animal has an estrous cycle of 16 days?

A

Guinea pigs

86
Q

What animal has an estrous cycle of 4-9 months?

87
Q

What animal has an estrous cycle of 15-21 days?

88
Q

What animal has an estrous cycle of 180 days?

A

Dogs (2x per year)

89
Q

What is the adult weight of a mouse?

90
Q

What is the adult weight of a rat?

91
Q

What is the adult weight of a hamster?

92
Q

What is the adult weight of a gerbil?

93
Q

What is the adult weight of a guinea pig?

A

850-1200 g

94
Q

What is the adult weight of a rabbit?

95
Q

What is the adult weight of a cat?

96
Q

What is the adult weight of a dog?

97
Q

What is the birthweight of a mouse?

98
Q

What is the birthweight of a rat?

99
Q

What is the birthweight of a hamster?

100
Q

What is the birthweight of a gerbil?

101
Q

What is the birthweight of a guinea pig?

102
Q

What is the birthweight of a rabbit?

103
Q

What is the birthweight of a cat?

104
Q

What is the birthweight of a dog?

105
Q

What is the breeding age of a mouse?

A

2 months minimum

106
Q

What is the breeding age of a rat?

A

3 months minimum

107
Q

What is the breeding age of a hamster?

A

2-2.5 months minimum

108
Q

What is the breeding age of a gerbil?

A

2.5-3 months minimum

109
Q

What is the breeding age of a guinea pig?

A

3-5 months maximum for females

110
Q

What is the breeding age of a rabbit?

A

4.5-12 months

111
Q

What is the breeding age of a cat?

A

7-9 months for females; 9-12 months for males

112
Q

What is the breeding age of a dog?

A

8-10 months for females; 9-11 months for males

113
Q

What is the duration of estrus for a hamster?

A

4-23 hours

114
Q

What is the duration of estrus for a gerbil?

115
Q

What is the duration of estrus for a guinea pig?

A

6-11 hours

116
Q

What is the duration of estrus for a rabbit?

A

4-17 hours receptive

117
Q

What is the duration of estrus for a cat?

A

4 days with a male present, 9 days without a male present

118
Q

What is the duration of estrus for a dog?

A

3-21 days (9 being the average)

119
Q

What is the duration of postpartum estrus for the mouse?

A

14-28 hours

120
Q

What is the duration of postpartum estrus for the rat?

A

Within 24 hours

121
Q

What is the duration of postpartum estrus for the hamster?

122
Q

What is the duration of postpartum estrus for the gerbil?

A

Within a few hours

123
Q

What is the duration of postpartum estrus for the guinea pig?

A

2-10 hours

124
Q

What is the duration of postpartum estrus for the rabbit?

125
Q

What is the duration of postpartum estrus for the cat?

A

4-6 weeks after kittens have weaned

126
Q

What is the duration of postpartum estrus for the dog?

A

Not until the next breeding season

127
Q

What is the gestation period for the mouse?

128
Q

What is the gestation period for the rat?

129
Q

What is the gestation period for the hamster?

130
Q

What is the gestation period for the gerbil?

131
Q

What is the gestation period for the guinea pig?

132
Q

What is the gestation period for the rabbit?

133
Q

How big is the typical litter of the mouse?

A

10-12 pups

134
Q

How big is the typical litter of the rat?

135
Q

How big is the typical litter of the hamster?

136
Q

How big is the typical litter of the gerbil?

137
Q

How big is the typical litter of the guinea pig?

138
Q

How big is the typical litter of the rabbit?

139
Q

How big is the typical litter of the cat?

A

3-5 kittens

140
Q

How big is the typical litter of the dog?

A

4-8 puppies

141
Q

Which animals young open their eyes between 12-14 days?

A

Mouse and dog

142
Q

At what age do the eyes open of the rat?

143
Q

At what age do the eyes open of the hamster?

144
Q

At what age do the eyes open of the gerbil?

A

17-18 days

145
Q

At what age do the eyes open of the guinea pig?

A

At birth (precocious young)

146
Q

At what age do the eyes open of the rabbit?

147
Q

At what age do the eyes open of the cat?

148
Q

What is the duration of estrus?

A

The “in heat” of receptive time of breeding

149
Q

What is the time of ovulation?

A

When the egg is released to be fertilized

150
Q

What is the postpartum estrus of an animal?

A

The next time an animal can get pregnant

Lab Animal (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions