Lab 8: Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

The first offspring produced from a monohybrid cross is called the

Answer 1

F1 generation

Question 2

What is the appearance of a particular trait called?

Answer 2

phenotype

Question 3

What is the genetic composition of an organism called?

Answer 3

genotype

Question 4

When the same pair of alleles composes a trait

Answer 4

homozygous

Question 5

Who is known as the ‘founder’ of genetics?

Answer 5

Mendel

Question 6

What is the P generation?

Answer 6

The first set of parents crossed

Question 7

What is used to compare observed ratios for a given cross compare with predicted ratios?

Answer 7

Chi-square analysis (χ2)

Question 8

What number do chromosomes of somatic cells contain?

Answer 8

Diploid number (2n)

Question 9

What are autosomes?

Answer 9

Chromosomes 1-22

Question 10

Can dominant alleles be masked by recessive alleles?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

The study of variation and heredity

Answer 11

genetics

Question 12

who revealed the structure of DNA as a double-helical molecule

Answer 12

watson and crick

Question 13

The experimental model for Mendel’s work involved performing cross-pollination experiments with a strain of
garden peas called

Answer 13

pisum sativum

Question 14

individuals with
one pair of contrasting traits for a given character are mated.

Answer 14

a monohybrid cross.

Question 15

“units of inheritance.”

Answer 15

genes

Question 16

that alternative forms of a gene that are responsible for variations in inherited characters

Answer 16

alleles

Question 17

are always expressed in the appearance of an organism

Answer 17

dominant alleles

Question 18

sometimes hidden or masked in the appearance of an organism

Answer 18

recessive alleles

Question 19

an organism that contains two different alleles for a trait is

Answer 19

heterozygous

Question 20

Mendel also postulated that
when an organism contains a pair of units, the units separate, or segregate, during gamete formation so that each individual
gamete produced receives only one unit of the pair. This postulate became known as

Answer 20

law of segregation of alleles.

Question 21

flowers. The first offspring produced from such a cross, called the

Answer 21

F1 generation

Question 22

Self-pollination of F, plants produced a second generation of plants called the

Answer 22

F2 generation

Question 23

that alleles for different
characters (for example, pea color and pea shape) segregate into gametes independently of each other.

Answer 23

law of independent assortment

Question 24

these cells contain diploid number of chromosomes

Answer 24

somatic cells

Question 25

what number of chromosomes are called autosomes

Answer 25

Chromosomes 1-22

Question 26

what number of chromosomes are called sex chromosomes

Answer 26

Chromosomes 23

Question 27

genes that are located on different chromosomes

Answer 27

unlinked genes

Question 28

has been one of the most well-studied model organisms for learning about genetics and embryo development

Answer 28

Drosophila