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Biology 1 Lab > Lab 6: Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Lab 6: Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

does fermentation generate energy?

A

yes

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2
Q

which yields more ATP aerobic or anaerobic respiration

A

aerobic respiration

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3
Q

at which stages of aerobic cellular respiration are ATP produced?

A

Glycolysis
Kreb’s Cycle
Chemiosmosis

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4
Q

what is Glycolysis’s substrate

A

glucose

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5
Q

what is the Kreb’s Cycle substrate

A

pyruvic acid
or
pyruvate

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6
Q

what is the ETC’s substrate

A

electrons

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7
Q

Only glucose can be broken down to generate ATP.
T/F

A

False

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8
Q

The process by which organisms chemically oxidize organic compounds as a means of generating ATP is?

A

Cellular Respiration

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9
Q

In prokaryotic cells, catabolism of pyruvate takes place in the __________________.

A

cytoplasm

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10
Q

in eukaryotic cells, catabolism of pyruvate takes place in the __________________.

A

mitochondria

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11
Q

How much ATP is generated by the complete oxidization of pyruvate into CO2 and H2O via aerobic respiration?

A

36-38

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12
Q

Many species are unable to utilize oxygen as a final electron acceptor during cellular respiration due to what?

A

lack of ETC proteins, oxygen, and enzymes needed to inactivate free radicals

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13
Q

Name the two types of peas that we will be working with in the cellular respiration lab.

A

dormant peas and germinating peas

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14
Q

is the process by which organisms chemically oxidize organic compounds as a means of generating the energy-rich molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

A

Cellular respiration

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15
Q

what can be broken down to produce ATP

A

carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids.

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16
Q

is used as a model of cellular respiration

A

glucose

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17
Q

glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvic acid in a series of enzymatic
reactions collectively referred to as

A

glycolysis

18
Q

what does glycolysis produce

A

2 net ATP
2 NADH
2 pyruvic acids

19
Q

they remain in the cytosol and get partially oxidized during an anaerobic process known as

A

fermentation

20
Q

cells, pyruvate are
then either shuttled into the matrix of the mitochondria to be further broken down via

A

aerobic respiration

21
Q

Pyruvate is systematically oxidized during what?

A

Kreb Cycle

22
Q

what does the Kreb Cycle generate?

A

2 ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH

23
Q

Following the Kreb’s cycle, electrons from NAH and FADH, are subsequently donated to

A

electron transport chain (ETC)

24
Q

where is the (etc) located

A

inner mitochondrial membrane

25
Q

where is the (etc) located for bacteria

A

plasma membrane

26
Q

how is energy released through the ETC

A

As electrons are passed between increasingly more electronegative electron carriers the energy is released

27
Q

what does the energy generated from the ETC do?

A

create a H gradient

28
Q

The H+ ions present between the two mitochondrial membranes
following electron movement through the ETC are allowed to diffuse back down their concentration gradient through an
enzyme complex found in the inner mitochondrial membrane (or bacterial plasma membrane) known as

A

ATP synthase

29
Q

what happens after the electrons reach the end of the ETC

A

accepted by oxygen forming the water and then ATP synthase

30
Q

The flow of H+ ions through ATP synthase, known as

A

chemiosmosis

31
Q

how much ATP is generated through chemiosmosis

A

30

32
Q

what are some reasons that species are unable to utilize oxygen as a final electron acceptor

A

due to the lack oxygen, enzymes, or certain ETC proteins.

33
Q

organisms that lack oxygen rely on what to produce extra ATP

A

anaerobic cellular respiration pathways

34
Q

Steps of anaerobic respiration

A

glycolysis
kreb cycle
in the etc the electrons are passed from one receptors to the next and are diverted to something other then oxygen at the end

35
Q

what leads to less ATP in anaerobic respiration

A

Less electron movement causes less H+ ion transport

36
Q

how much ATP does anaerobic respiration yield?

A

20-30

37
Q

how much energy is harvested via fermentation

A

5%

38
Q

what is a substitute for the ETC

A

fermentation

39
Q

is used in the production of milk, yogurt, cheese, sauerkraut, pickles, and soy sauce.

A

lactic acid fermentation

40
Q

is used in the production of beer, wine, and other alcoholic beverages and it is what
helps make bread rise

A

alcohol fermentation

Biology 1 Lab (9 decks)

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