Lab 6: Cellular Respiration

Question 1

does fermentation generate energy?

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

which yields more ATP aerobic or anaerobic respiration

Answer 2

aerobic respiration

Question 3

at which stages of aerobic cellular respiration are ATP produced?

Answer 3

Glycolysis
Kreb’s Cycle
Chemiosmosis

Question 4

what is Glycolysis’s substrate

Answer 4

glucose

Question 5

what is the Kreb’s Cycle substrate

Answer 5

pyruvic acid
or
pyruvate

Question 6

what is the ETC’s substrate

Answer 6

electrons

Question 7

Only glucose can be broken down to generate ATP.
T/F

Answer 7

False

Question 8

The process by which organisms chemically oxidize organic compounds as a means of generating ATP is?

Answer 8

Cellular Respiration

Question 9

In prokaryotic cells, catabolism of pyruvate takes place in the __________________.

Answer 9

cytoplasm

Question 10

in eukaryotic cells, catabolism of pyruvate takes place in the __________________.

Answer 10

mitochondria

Question 11

How much ATP is generated by the complete oxidization of pyruvate into CO2 and H2O via aerobic respiration?

Answer 11

36-38

Question 12

Many species are unable to utilize oxygen as a final electron acceptor during cellular respiration due to what?

Answer 12

lack of ETC proteins, oxygen, and enzymes needed to inactivate free radicals

Question 13

Name the two types of peas that we will be working with in the cellular respiration lab.

Answer 13

dormant peas and germinating peas

Question 14

is the process by which organisms chemically oxidize organic compounds as a means of generating the energy-rich molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Answer 14

Cellular respiration

Question 15

what can be broken down to produce ATP

Answer 15

carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids.

Question 16

is used as a model of cellular respiration

Answer 16

glucose

Question 17

glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvic acid in a series of enzymatic
reactions collectively referred to as

Answer 17

glycolysis

Question 18

what does glycolysis produce

Answer 18

2 net ATP
2 NADH
2 pyruvic acids

Question 19

they remain in the cytosol and get partially oxidized during an anaerobic process known as

Answer 19

fermentation

Question 20

cells, pyruvate are
then either shuttled into the matrix of the mitochondria to be further broken down via

Answer 20

aerobic respiration

Question 21

Pyruvate is systematically oxidized during what?

Answer 21

Kreb Cycle

Question 22

what does the Kreb Cycle generate?

Answer 22

2 ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH

Question 23

Following the Kreb’s cycle, electrons from NAH and FADH, are subsequently donated to

Answer 23

electron transport chain (ETC)

Question 24

where is the (etc) located

Answer 24

inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 25

where is the (etc) located for bacteria

Answer 25

plasma membrane

Question 26

how is energy released through the ETC

Answer 26

As electrons are passed between increasingly more electronegative electron carriers the energy is released

Question 27

what does the energy generated from the ETC do?

Answer 27

create a H gradient

Question 28

The H+ ions present between the two mitochondrial membranes following electron movement through the ETC are allowed to diffuse back down their concentration gradient through an enzyme complex found in the inner mitochondrial membrane (or bacterial plasma membrane) known as

Answer 28

ATP synthase

Question 29

what happens after the electrons reach the end of the ETC

Answer 29

accepted by oxygen forming the water and then ATP synthase

Question 30

The flow of H+ ions through ATP synthase, known as

Answer 30

chemiosmosis

Question 31

how much ATP is generated through chemiosmosis

Answer 31

30

Question 32

what are some reasons that species are unable to utilize oxygen as a final electron acceptor

Answer 32

due to the lack oxygen, enzymes, or certain ETC proteins.

Question 33

organisms that lack oxygen rely on what to produce extra ATP

Answer 33

anaerobic cellular respiration pathways

Question 34

Steps of anaerobic respiration

Answer 34

glycolysis kreb cycle in the etc the electrons are passed from one receptors to the next and are diverted to something other then oxygen at the end

Question 35

what leads to less ATP in anaerobic respiration

Answer 35

Less electron movement causes less H+ ion transport

Question 36

how much ATP does anaerobic respiration yield?

Answer 36

20-30

Question 37

how much energy is harvested via fermentation

Answer 37

5%

Question 38

what is a substitute for the ETC

Answer 38

fermentation

Question 39

is used in the production of milk, yogurt, cheese, sauerkraut, pickles, and soy sauce.

Answer 39

lactic acid fermentation

Question 40

is used in the production of beer, wine, and other alcoholic beverages and it is what helps make bread rise

Answer 40

alcohol fermentation