Lab 5: Properties of Enzymes Flashcards
What is the optimal temperature for most enzymes?
20 to 40 degrees Celsius
What is the in vitro substrate for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) that we will be using in lab?
pNPP
A denatured enzyme can catalyze a chemical reaction.
T/F
false
Enzyme activity typically occurs within a very broad pH range.
T/F
False
What macromolecule is an enzyme classified as?
protein
What happens if either the enzyme or substrate is limited?
the enzyme’s reaction rate will remain constant
When an enzyme’s reaction rate doubles for every what degree Celsius increase in temperature
10
What is the enzyme we will be using in lab today?
ALP
ALP catalyzes the hydrolysis of _______________ attached to proteins or lipids.
Phosphate groups
What color will the product of today’s experiment (pNP) turn?
yellow;
are catalytic proteins that increase the rate of
chemical reactions.
enzymes
Every chemical reaction that occurs inside the cell is catalyzed by what?
enzymes
how does enzymes aid humans
help us digest food
to diagnose wide variety of diseases
how are enzymes different from other catalysts?
because their activity is affected by many factors and controlled in
many ways.
The control of enzyme activity can be subdivided into three different categories:
properties
kinetics
type
A plot of rate verses pH frequently yields what?
a bell shaped curve
We call the pH at which an enzyme shows maximal activity the what?
optimal pH
For most enzymes in the human body,
the optimal pH is near what?
neutral
For most enzymes the rate
of reaction doubles for every 10°C increase in temperature is called what?
(Qi effect).
Once what the enzyme cannot catalyze its reaction.
denatured
The rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction is also
controlled by what?
concentration of the enzyme and
substrate
As the concentration of either is increased the rate of the reaction will what?
increase
if either the enzyme or the substrate becomes
limited, the rate of the reaction will what?
remain constant
break down large polymeric food molecules into
moles monomers that our bodies can absorb.
hydrolytic reactions
cells make macromolecules such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids through the enzyme controlled processes of what?
synthesis
Digestion in humans occurs by a series of what?
hydrolytic reactions
released enzymes that are specific for a given disease
marker enzymes
used to diagnose a variety of diseases such as bone cancer, jaundice and cirrhosis of the liver.
alkaline phosphatase
catalyzes the hydrolysis of d phosphate group attached to proteins or lipids in vino
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
used as an index of the rate of reaction
hydrolysis of (pNPP)
