Lab 8; Female Reproductive Flashcards
______________: production of eggs(gametes) via meiosis
Oogenesis
Oogenesis: production of ______________ via meiosis
eggs
_____________: two rounds of cell division that turn a diploid cell into a haploid cell
Meiosis
Mitosis involves only _______ round of division; meiosis involves ________.
one
two
Mitosis produces _______ identical diploid daughter cells (clones); meiosis produces ___________ haploid genetically different cells
two
four
Mitosis produces two identical _______________ ______________ cells (clones); meiosis produces four _____________ genetically different cells
diploid daughter
haploid
Each month, the ovaries release one ovum (AKA _________________)
ovulation
Oogenesis occurs in the _____________.
ovaries
_______________ sweep the egg from the ovary into the fallopian tubes
Fimbrae
Fimbrae sweep the egg from the ovary into the _______________ _______________.
fallopian tubes
Egg travels through the region of the fallopian tubes: ________________, _______________, ______________.
infundibulum
ampulla
isthmus
Begins before birth and matures each month
Oogenesis
If not fertilized, the egg will exit the uterus via the ____________.
cervix
The cervix leads to the _______________ ____________.
vaginal canal
The uterus contains three layers of tissue, what are they superficial to deep?
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
Ovarian _______________: holds the ovary to the uterus
Ligament
_______________ ________________ of the Ovary: attaches the ovary to the body wall
Suspensory Ligament
_____________ ________________: connects ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes
Broad Ligament
____________ ________________: attaches the uterus to
anterior body wall
Round Ligament
______________ ________________: attaches uterus to
posterior body wall
Uterosacral Ligament
Female external genitalia is also known as the __________.
vulva
___________ ____________: fat pad that acts as a cushion during intercourse
Mons pubis
___________ __________ & ____________: surround & protect vestibule
Labia majora,
minora
________________: Region between the vulva and the anus; episiotomy occurs here
Perineum
What is described by
🞄 Clitoris
🞄 External urethral orifice
🞄 Greater and lesser vestibular glands: Secretions lubricate the vestibule & distal portion of the vagina during intercourse
Vestibule
The clitoris bisects into two __________ _______________, terminating at the ________ ____________.
corpus cavernosa
crus clitoris
Genital development is ________________ between males and females
homologous
The menstrual cycle is actually the coordination of two separate, but interdependent, cycles:
Ovarian Cycle
Uterine Cycle
Both cycles follow a _____-day time lapse.
28
Day 0: marks the beginning of the ovarian cycle where about a dozen primordial follicles (containing primary oocytes) develop into ___________ _____________ by completing meiosis I
primary follicles
Days 1-13: growth of the ____________ ______________
🞄 Primary to secondary to tertiary (Graffian) follicle
🞄 Only one oocyte makes it to the third stage
primary follicle
Day 14: ______________- secondary oocyte is released from the ovary
ovulation
Days 15-25: tertiary follicles degenerates into the
_____________ _______________ (yellow body)
corpus luteum
Corpus luteum secretes ___________________ for 10 days
progesterone
The uterine cycle is divided into three phase, based on the condition of the ____________________.
endometrium
Day 0-6: Menses occurs in the menstrual phase: sloughing off of ____________ _______________.
endometrial layer
Day 7-14: Endometrium thickens in the __________________ _________________: endometrium becomes thicker and well-vascularized in preparation of the arrival of a fertilized egg
proliferative phase
Day 15-28: Endometrium is at its thickest in the ___________ ________________: thickens due to progesterone, which comes from the corpus luteum
secretory phase
The events in the ovary and the uterus are coordinated by hormones from the hypothalamus, ovaries and anterior pituitary gland
The __________________ secretes GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)
hypothalamus
The anterior pituitary secretes:
FSH
LH
The ovaries secrete:
Estrogen, helps grow the endometrium; decline triggers menses
Progesterone helps grow the endometrium; decline triggers menses
Sperm is deposited in the ______________
at the end of the vagina
fornix
Then travels through the _______________ ______________ ______, through the cervix, through the _____________ ______________ _______, up to the uterus
external cervical os
internal cervical os
The egg is fertilized by the sperm in the _____________ ____________ within 24 hours of ovulation
fallopian tubes
The fertilized egg is called a _____________ and is a distinct human being with a unique genetic make-up
zygote
As the zygote migrates to the uterus, it will divide and grow several times:
Zygote → 2-cell stage → 4-cell stage → morulla → blastocyst
__________________ occurs as the _______________ uses enzymes to burrow into the endometrium on day 7
🞄 Underscores the importance of a thick endometrium, which is accomplished by _____________________.
Implantation
blastocyst
progesterone
The ___________ ___________ connects the
baby to the placenta
umbilical cord
The ________________ is part of the mother and allows for nutrient exchange
placenta
______________ glands present in females AND males
Mammary
Milk production:
________________
________________
________________
Mammary Lobule
Lactiferous Duct
Lactiferous Sinus
