Lab 3: Blood Vessels Flashcards
Blood vessel functions (5)
- Unidirectional flow of blood to heart
- Selectively permit exchange of nutrients within tissues
- Assist the formation of blood clots at sites of injury
- Regulates Systemic Blood Pressure
- Regulates body temperature
Arteries carry blood _________ from the heart.
away
What are arterioles?
branch from arteries
What roles do capillaries play in blood vessels?
gas exchange
What gives way to veins?
Venules
Veins: Carry blood _________ the heart.
toward
What are the exception to arteries and veins and the type of blood they move? (oxygenated versus deoxygenated)
Arteries: Coronary Circuit
Veins: Coronary Circuit
What do arteries contain that gives them their elasticity?
internal elastic lamina
What are the three layers of arteries?
- Tunica Externa
- Tunica Media
- Tunica Intirna
What is tunica externa?
connective tissue
What is tunica media?
Smooth muscle and elastic tissue
What is tunica intima?
epithelial and connective tissue
What are the three types of arteries?
- Elastic Arteries
- Muscular Arteries
- Arterioles
What are the functions of elastic arteries? (3)
Generate PRESSURE PULSE as they expand and recoil with each beat.
Contain LOTS of elastic fibers.
Elastic recoil helps PROPEL blood.
What are the functions of muscular arteries?
ALSO propel blood.
Vessel walls contain SMOOTH MUSCLE, which allows for regulation of blood pressure
Change blood pressure by altering the radius of the lumen!
Circulatory Shock
What is circulatory shock?
Widespread dilation of vessels leading to dramatic loss of blood pressure.
What are the functions of arterioles?
They branch into capillary beds
They have a very thin tunica externa
What are capillaries composed of in terms of cell layers?
Tunica Interna/intima ONLY
What are capillaries the site of?
nutrient exchange
What are the three types of capillaries?
Continuous
Fenestrated
Sinusoid
Describe continuous capillaries.
vessel walls are smooth and continuous.
Describe fenestrated capillaries.
vessel walls contain large pores.
Describe sinusoid capillaries.
vessel walls have large gaps.
Different levels of permeability allow for different solute exchange: you must know one example per type. What are they?
Blood Brain Barrier Continuous
Intestines/Kidneys F
Capillaries do not exist in isolation but form networks known as ________________.
capillary beds
Capillary beds are supplied by single ____________ and drained by single _____________.
arterioles
venules
In capillary beds, the ____________________ _________________ is on the arteriole side.
precapillary sphincter
Sphincters help tissues take turns using blood flow known as __________________.
vasomotion
Venules contain two types of cell layers, what are they?
Tunica externa
Tunica Intima
Veins are distinct from arteries in several ways:
Larger lumens than arteries
More numerous than arteries
Very thin walls
Use valves and skeletal muscle contraction to move blood
Veins have larger lumens than arteries, there they work under _______________ pressures.
very low
Veins are more numerous than arteries, which means that blood in veins can be used in case of blood loss, which is also known as _______________________.
venous reserve.
Veins participate in _________________________.
thermoregulation
What are the two ways that blood is returned to the heart when the heart is not strong enough by itself to push the blood back to itself?
One-way Valves
Skeletal Muscle Pump
What is palpable pressure waves created by the alternating contraction/relaxing cycle of the beating heart?
Pulse pressure
Only __________ exhibit a pulse.
arteries
Difference between apical and radial pulse is known as?
Pulse deficit
What pulse is taken by auscultating apex of heart with a stethoscope?
Apical pulse
What is a blood pressure cuff known as?
Sphygmomanometer
What is the pulse deficit in a healthy individual ON QUIZ!!!!
ZERO 0000000
What are the blood pressure sounds called? (QUIZZZ)
Korotkoff sounds
