Lab 7 Flashcards
what is Bundle Branch Block?
when the bundle branch is blocked so the pathway that is taken to stimulate the ventricular masss is outside the normal condition causing a delay in the ability to stimulate the ventricular side
What will you use to diagnose a Bundle Branch Block?
the chest leads
Causes of bothb bundle branch blockes
congential heart disease, cardiomyopathy hypertension
what can cause a right bundle branch block?
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension (lung disease)
What are the normal deflection patterns of the chest leads?
V1 and V2 downward
V6 and v5 exclusinvely positive
What happens is a right bundle branch block?
stimulus of the left ventircle occurs normally creating a small R wave and but due to the delay in stimulation of the right ventricle there is a second R wave that represents the stimulation of the right ventrical rR’
What leads do you check for RBBB?
v1 and or v2
What happens in a Left Bundle Branch Block?
normally stimulus of the right ventricle occurs creating an R wave but delay in the stimulation of the left ventricle creating a second R wave RR’
- R waves can slur into each other creating a wide QRS complex
What leads do you check for LBBB?
V5 and or V6
What is another name for the AV valves?
parachute Valves
What are the AV valves of the heart?
tricuspid and bicuspid
What are the semilunar valves?
pulmonary and aortic
What is anither name for the semilunar valves?
hip-pocket valves
What is hypertrophy?
an increase in mass attributable to increases in cell size (not number)
- has same exact meaning as the term enlargements
What is the Frank-Starling Law of the Heart?
as larger volume of blood flows into a heart chamber, the blood stretches the cardiac muscle fibers, leading to an increase in the force of contraction
What does the horizontal axis on the ECG Strip represent?
timing of electrical activity 1mm=0.04 sec
What does the vertical axis on the ECG Strip represent?
represent the magnitude of electrical activity 1mm=0.1mV
What is the normal atrial size of the P wave?
less than 2.5mm high and 2.5mm wide
which leads are used to diagnose a Right Atrial Enlargement?
Lead 2, 3, and aVF
What are the charctistics of a RAE?
tall p wave and causes tricuspid stenosis and prolapse
Left Atrial Enlargement
-uses leads 2,3, and aVF to diagnose LAE
- take longer time to reach and depolarize left atria enlarged mass
- wide p wave
-causes bicuspid stenosis and prolapse
- can also be diagnosed by examining Lead 1 which would be wise and V1 where the p wave would be biphasic
Right ventricular hypertrophy
-chest leads v1 and v 5 or v2 and v6 used to diagnose ventricular hypertrophy
- the opposite deflection patter will occur
- if there is RVH, RAD might also be present
- causes pulmonary valve stenosis or prolapse
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
-use chest leads V1 and V5 or V2 and V6 to diagnose (LVH)
-since left ventricle has hypertrophied, the deflection pattern will not deviate from what we would expect to be normal howver due to larger mass the magnitude of the deflection pattern will be greater than we would expect
- if there is LVH LAD might also be present
- causes normal adaptation to excercise, diseases aortic valve stenosis or prolapse
LVH
diagnosis of LVH, an examination
of the V1 and V5 OR V2 and V6 is needed.
* Determine the amplitude of the S wave in
V1 and the amplitude of the R wave in
V5. If the sum of the S wave in V1 and
the R wave in V5 is greater than or equal
to 35 mm (3.5mV), LVH is present
LVH
determine the amplitude of the S
wave in V2 and the amplitude of the R
wave in V6. If the sum of the S wave in
V2 and the R wave in V6 is greater than
or equal to 35 mm (3.5mV), LVH is
present.
