lab 11 Flashcards
what is blood pressure?
the amount of force/pressure exerted against the walls of an artery an recorder as systolic and diastolic pressure.
What are the two methods of measuring BP?
aneroid and mercury filled sphygmomanometers
Aneriod sphygmomanometers
require calibration because it depends on a vacuum seal which can eventually wear out
what are the 5 phases of Korotkoff sounds?
phase 1: faint tapping sound “systolic pressure”
phase 2: sound becomes louder and swishing sound appears
phase 3: sound is very distinct and loud
phase 4: sound becomes muffled and softer “diastolic pressure”
phase 5: sound disappears
How do you take someones blood pressure?
- make sure legs are not crossed
- find the brachial artery and position cuff so that the middle of the rubber bladder is over the brachial artery
-inflate cuff to about 160mmhg - release the pressure and record the first heart sound
- recall when the sound disappeared
Exercise Exception of Korotkoff Sounds
Estimation for diastolic pressure is Phase 4 since heart sound will not disappear
What is the gold standard for taking BP?
The Auscultatory Method
How does cuff size affect BP?
- Too big of cuff will underestimate BP
- Too small of cuff will overestimate BP
What are the 2 factors that affect BP?
cuff size and cuff tensions
Normal BP
systolic is less than 120 and diastolic is less than 80
Elevated BP
systolic is between 120-129 and diastolic less than 80
High BP/ Hypertension Stage 1
systolic is 130-139 or higher or diastolic 80-89
High BP stage 2
systolic 140 or higher or diastolic 90 or higher
Hypertensive crisis
systolic higher than 180 and/or diastolic higher than 120
4 Hypertension Medications
- Diuretics
- ACE inhibitors
- Beta blockers
- Vasodilators
