Lab 6

Question 1

Where are all of genes located

Answer 1

On chromosomes in the nucleus

Question 2

Each chromosome contains what?

Answer 2

Long DNA strand bearing thousands of genes

Question 3

Chromosome is made up of

Which is a combination of

Answer 3

Chromatin

DNA and protein molecules (histones)

Question 4

The histomes help

Answer 4

Organize the chromatin and control expression of genes

Question 5

DNA strands must be what? To do what

Answer 5

Rightly packaged to fit into cells

Question 6

Chromatin exists as what do that the machinery can access different ?

Answer 6

Diffuse mass of fibers

Segments of DNA depending which genes need to be expressed or silenced

Question 7

DNA is copied during

Answer 7

Replication and chromatin fibers coil up

Question 8

Each chromosome consists of two identical

Answer 8

Sister chromatids original and copy

Question 9

Karyotyoe

Answer 9

Break open cell and divide into pairs that match size and pattern

Question 10

Homologous chromosomes Carey genes

Answer 10

Controlling same heritable traits

Question 11

Alleles

Answer 11

Different versions of same gene

Question 12

Homozygous heterozygous

Answer 12

Two identical alleles

Two different

Question 13

Sperm and egg carries how many alleles and why

Answer 13

1

Because two homologous separated during meiosis

Question 14

Haploid spent and haploid egg meet what is formed

Answer 14

Entirely unique combo of alleles (genotype) is expressed as phenotypes or traits in diploid individual

Question 15

Identical twins develop

Answer 15

When early divisions of zygote produce two separate embryos that develop independently

Question 16

Some phenotypic relationships are controlled by a single gene with two alleles that have a clear

Answer 16

Dominant recessive relationships

Question 17

Heterozygous one allele determined individuals appearance and is called
The other has no noticeable effect

Answer 17

Dominant

Recessive

Question 18

Freckles are a

Answer 18

Single gene trait

Question 19

What is when some single gene traits the dominant recessive relationship is not clear

Answer 19

Incomplete dominance

Question 20

The additive effects of two or more genes on a single phenotypic trait

Answer 20

Polygenic inheritance

Question 21

Sex determination depends on

Answer 21

Composition of 23rd homologous pair
Females XX
Makes XY

Question 22

Make sperm carries either an

Answer 22

X or Y

Question 23

Sex linked genes

Answer 23

Those genes in sperm or egg unrelated to sec

Question 24

X is larger than Y it

Therefore it is more likely than females to

Answer 24

Carries more sex linked genes
Express recessive sex linked traits
A single recessive allele will be expressed if appears on X and unopposed by matching portion of Y

Question 25

Different disorders

Answer 25

Recessive
Dominant
Sex linked recessive alleles

Question 26

Unique variations create a

Answer 26

DNA fingerprint

Question 27

How is a DNA fingerprint made

Answer 27

DNA extracted from individuals cell cut into fragments at specific places with enzyme DNA

Question 28

Cutting points

Answer 28

Vary and cut into unique set of DNA fragments that vary in number and length

Question 29

How are cut fragments organized

Answer 29

Gel electrophoresis

Question 30

Electric current

Answer 30

Repels negativel charged fragments

Question 31

Which fragments travel faster

Answer 31

Shorter producing a ladder separated by size

Question 32

Once gene identified as responsible for genetic disorder a specific enzyme used to

Answer 32

Generate fragments from the DNA of individuals that carry and express it
Carry it unexpressed
Those that don’t Carry

Question 33

Compare DNA fingerprints to determine whether

Answer 33

Carry the gene