Lab 5: Dissection of the Fetal Pig, General Internal Anatomy Flashcards
Urogenital Opening
Orifice where urine exits the body.
In Females: located near the genital papilla (which only females have)
In Males: located posterior to umbilical cord
Scrotal Sacs/Swellings
Male’s swellings beneath the skin. These pouches will develop into the scrotum and contain the testes.
Periderm/Epitrichium
Thin, transparent outer layer of the epidermis that’s shed before birth by the development of hair beneath it
Umbilical Cord
a.k.a., umbilicus
Attaches the fetus to the mother’s placenta for nutrient and metabolic waste exchange via the blood. The mother’s and the fetus’s blood never mix.
Anus
Where solid waste exits the body.
The end of digestive tract/canal
Thoracic Cavity
Contains the Heart and the Lungs
Pericardium
Thin protective tissue sac surrounding the Heart
Pleura
Thin protective tissue sac surrounding the Lung
Diaphragm
Divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
Draws air into the lungs.
Liver
Removes and stores excess nutrients from the blood, maintains blood sugar levels, detoxifies harmful materials, and produces bile.
Composed of 4 lobes.
Located under the diaphragm and above the stomach.
Spleen
Produces lymphocytes ( white blood cell).
Stores and destroys erythrocytes (Red blood cells).
Stores a reservoir of blood.
Long, flat organ near the liver.
Stomach
Acidic environment used for the storage and chemical digestion of food.
Located posterior to the liver.
Abdominal Cavity
Holds bulk of viscera (internal organs), such as the stomach.
Located beneath the thoracic cavity.
Small Intestine
Major site of chemical digestion. Processes carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Cpmrised of the Duodenum, the Jejunum, and the Ilium
Duodenum
Connects the stomach to the jejunum.
Chemical Digestion
The first potion of the small intestine.
Jejunum
Main area of nutrient absorption in the small intestine.
Central section of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ilium.
Ilium
Final section of the small intestine.
Absorbs B12 and bile salts.
Pancreas
An exocrine and endocrine gland that produces enzymes to break down fats & proteins and secretes hormones to regulate blood sugar
Mass of light yellow tissue that injects enzymes into the duodenum.
Gallbladder
Stores bile, a watery green fluid produced by the liver.
Bile breaks down fat.
Bile Duct
Carries bile from the liver to the small intestine
Large Intestine
Extracts water from feces and returns it to the body.
Colon
Posterior portion of the large intestine.
Extracts water and water-soluble nutrients from feces and returns it to the body.
Stores feces
Cardiac End
End of the stomach closest to the heart.
Caecum
beginning of the large intestine.
Used to store food for microbial breakdown.
Sympleisomorphic character of human appendixes.
Heart
Muscle that pumps blood through vessels by rhythmic contractions.
Rectum
Stores feces
Epididymus
Male organ.
Mass of coiled tubes that comprise and connect the testicles to the vas deferens, stores sperm.
Inguinal Canal
Male Organ.
Passage into the abdomen that contains spermatic cord.
Spermatic Cord
Male Organ.
Comprised of the vas deferens and surrounding tissue.
Bundles and protects blood vessels, nerves, and the vas deferens
Pelvic Girdle
Area of the body enclosed by the pelvis.
Surrounds reproductive organs, and protects lower abdominal organs
Urethra
Transports urine from the bladder to the urogenital opening.
Tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body.
Testis
Male organ.
Produces sperm and testosterone.
Vas Deferens
Located inside the spermatic cord.
Carries sperm from epidiymis to urethra.
Male Reproductive Tract
Sperm passes from the Testis»_space; Epipidymis»_space; Vas Deferens»_space; Spermatic Cord»_space; Inguinal Canal»_space; Urethra
Ovaries
Female Organ.
Resemble small white beans.
Produces eggs.
Produces estrogen, progesterone, and other hormones.
Oviduct/Fallopian Tubes
Female Organ.
Connects ovaries to the uterus.
Egg transport.
Vagina
Female Organ.
Leads from the uterus to the exterior of the body.
Urogenital Orifice
Female organ.
Where urine exits the body.
Uterus
Female Organ.
Reproductive organ that opens to the cervix and fallopian tubes.
Accepts a fertilized egg.
Bulbourethral Cowper’s Gland
Male Organ.
White, hard.
Contributes secretions to semen.
Urogenital Sinus
Female Organ.
Part of the excretory system where urine is stored before it exits the body.
Uterine Horns
Female Organ; Pigs only.
Points where the uterus and fallopian tubes meet.
Site of pig fetal development.
Bladder
Stores and collects urine produced by the kidneys.
Kidney
Maintain homeostatic balance of body fluids.
Filters blood to remove waste.
Regulates blood pressure.
Bean-shaped.
Ureter
Ducts from kidneys to the bladder.
Urine transport.
White tubes
Urethra
Tube that connects bladder to outside the body.
Urine transport.
Pathway of Egg in Female PIG Body
Ovaries»_space; Fallopian Tube»_space; Uterine Horn»_space; Uterus»_space; Vagina (birth)
Pathway of Urine
Kidney»_space; Ureter»_space; Bladder»_space; Urethra
Thymus
Produces T cells.
Part of immune system.
Long gland
Thyroid
Endocrine gland that controls metabolism, hormonal sensitivity, and calcium regulation
Trachea
Airway for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange from body to environment.
Larynx
Voice box; generates sound
Parotid Gland
Largest salivary gland.
Secretes Saliva, begins carbohydrate digestion.
Sublingual Gland
Secretes Saliva, begins carbohydrate digestion.
Submaxillary Gland
Secretes Saliva, begins carbohydrate digestion.
Buccal Cavity
Mouth, used to intake food.
Epiglottis
Entrance to the glottis.
Prevents food from entering the larynx when swallowing.
Esophagus
Muscular tube that carries food to stomach.
External Nares
Opening to outside of the snout for oxygen exchange.
Glottis
Space between the vocal cords used in producing sound.
Larynx
Voice box.
Sound production.
Nasopharynx
Open cavities in the nose
Nostrils
Opening for the oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass through.
Pharynx
Passageway for air and food.
Soft Palate
Boneless tissue on the roof of the mouth.
