Lab 5 Flashcards
Skeletal System and Joints (33 cards)
collagen fibers
provide tensile strength
calcium phosphate/hydroxylapatite
provides compressional strength
purpose of the bones
support, protect, levers to amplify muscle contractions
hemopoiesis/hematopoiesis
the process where various blood cells are formed in the red bone marrow
long bones
act as levers
location of long bones
arm, leg, fingers, toes
short bones
in confined places where they transfer force
location of short bones
wrist or ankle
flat bones
allow for attachment of muscle and protect underlying tissue
location of flat bones
skull, ribs, scapulae
irregular bones
have projections that serve as attachment sites for muscle
location of irregular bones
vertebrae
round/sesamoid bones
endure a lot of pressure
location of round/sesamoid bones
within tendons at joints; wrist and patella
diaphysis
the shaft/long portion of the bone
epiphyses
end of the diaphysis, made of spongy bone
articular cartilage
hyaline cartilage at the end of bones
medullary cavity
the hollow center of the diaphysis, has fat-storing yellow marrow
endosteum
layer of cells and spongy bone in the medullary cavity
ossification
process where fibrous connective tissue and hyaline cartilage is replaced by bone
osteoprogenitor
changes into an osteoblasts which turn into osteocytes
list the 5 factors that affect bone growth and development
- minerals
- vitamins
- hormones
- exercise
- aging
what minerals affect bone growth
calcium, phosphorus, boron, manganese
what vitamins affect bone growth
D, A, C
