Lab 5 Flashcards
P1 and P2
In a cross, the two original parents are represented by the symbols
The off spring of P1 and P2 are represented by the symbol ______ for the first filial generation
F1
The offspring resulting from and F1 generation crossed with another F1 generation are called
F2 generation
Gene
Factor of inheritance for a particular trait r characteristic of an organism
It is composed of a specific nucleotide sequence for DNA. This sequence acts as a template for RNA synthesis and ultimately the formation of a specific protein in a cell.
A gene (seed colour) can have different alleles, which code for a specific colour
A dominant allele
Is one who’s phenotype effect is the same in both the heterozygous and homozygous conditions. Dominant alleles are represented by uppercase letters
A recessive allele
Is one that is not expressed phenotypically in the heterozygous condition, they are represented by a lowercase letter
Diploid organism (heterozygous)
Is said to be heterozygous for a particular gene (or genes) if it has two different alleles for the gene (or genes)
Diploid organism (homozygous)
An organism is said to be homozygous for a particular gene or genes if it has two identical alleles for the gene
Genotype
Is the genetic makeup of an organism
All of the genes in question, gene types are indicted using letters ex. Rr or GgHH
Phenotype
Is the physical appearance of an organism for a particular trait, phenotypes are indicated by descriptive words ex. Purple seeds , tall seedlings
Frequency
Is the proportion of one type of thing to total population. Frequencies will range between 0 and 1 and all frequencies together will add up to one.
For example, if there are 56 students in a class and 26 have freckles and 30 do not; the frequency of freckles is 26/56 = 0.46 while the frequency of students without freckles is 30/56 = 0.54 (0.46+0.54=1)
