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Neuroscience > Lab 4 Structures > Flashcards

Lab 4 Structures Flashcards

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1
Q

what structures are seen in the inferior/ventral diencephalon?

A
  • mammillary body
  • infundibular stalk
  • CN II (optic nerve)
  • optic chiasm
  • optic tracts
  • olfactor tract
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2
Q

mammillary body

A
  • connected to hippocampus via fornix
  • role in memory
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3
Q

infundibular stalk

A

communicates info from hypothalamus to pituitary gland

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4
Q

optic nerve

A
  • CN II
  • vision
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5
Q

optic chiasm

A

crossing axons of optic nerve from both eyes

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6
Q

optic tracts

A

carries axons of optic nerve to lateral geniculate nucleus (after chiasm)

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7
Q

olfactory tract

A

associated with sense of smell

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8
Q

what cranial nerves are associated with the diencephalon?

A
  • CN I (olfactory nerve)
  • CN II (optic nerve)
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9
Q

what structures are seen in the inferior/ventral midbrain?

A
  • cerebral peduncles
  • interpeduncular fossa
  • CN III
  • CN IV
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10
Q

cerebral peduncles

A

major white matter pathway for descending from cerebral hemisphere to brainstem

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11
Q

interpeduncular fossa

A
  • space between cerebral peduncles
  • exit for CN III
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12
Q

oculomotor nerve

A
  • CN III
  • extra-ocular eye movements (up, down, in, up/in)
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13
Q

trochlear nerve

A
  • CN IV
  • eye movement (down/in)
  • exits brainstem dorsally
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14
Q

what cranial nerves are associated with the mesencephalon (midbrain)?

A
  • CN III (oculomotor)
  • CN IV (trochlear)
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15
Q

what structures are seen in the inferior/ventral pons?

A
  • middle cerebellar peduncle
  • CN V
  • CN VI
  • CN VII
  • CN VIII
  • cerebellopontine angle
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16
Q

middle cerebellar peduncle

A

communicates info from cerebrum to cerebellum via pontine nuclei and fibers

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17
Q

trigeminal nerve

A
  • CN V
  • sensation to face
  • muscles of mastication
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18
Q

abducens nerve

A
  • CN VI
  • eye movement (laterally)
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19
Q

facial nerve

A
  • CN VII
  • facial muscles (expression)
  • taste
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20
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve

A
  • CN VIII
  • hearing/balance
  • position in space/GPS for eyes
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21
Q

cerebellopontine angle

A

region of CN VII, VIII

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22
Q

what cranial nerves are associated with the metencephalon (pons)?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • CN V (trigeminal)
  • CN VI (abducens)
  • CN VII (facial)
  • CN VIII (vestibulocochlear)
23
Q

what structures are seen in the inferior/ventral medulla?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • pyramids/pyramidal decussation
  • olive
  • CN XII
  • CN IX
  • CN X
  • CN XI
24
Q

pyramids/pyramidal decussation

Study These Flashcards
A

* pyramids → ventral descending motor pathway
* pyramidal decussation → crossing of pathway

25
olive
gives rise to climbing fibers to cerebellum
26
hypoglossal nerve
* CN XII * located in front of olive * tongue movements
27
glossopharyngeal nerve
* CN IX * pharynx
28
vagus nerve
* CN X * swallowing * vocal chords * breathing * cardiac info * gag
29
spinal accessory nerve
* CN XI * sternocleidomastoid * trapezius
30
what cranial nerves are associated with the myelencephalon (medulla)?
* CN XII (hypoglossal) * CN IX (glossopharyngeal) * CN X (vagus) * CN XI (spinal accessory)
31
what structures are seen in the dorsal diencephalon?
* lateral geniculate nucleus * medial geniculate nucleus | lateral geniculate nucleus not shown in this picture
32
lateral geniculate nucleus
associated with vision and superior colliculus
33
medial geniculate nucleus
associated with audition and inferior colliculus
34
what structures are seen in the dorsal midbrain?
* tectum (superior/inferior colliculus) * brachium of superior/inferior colliculi * CN IV
35
tectum
* forms roof over cerebral aqueduct * associated with vision/hearing
36
brachium of superior/inferior colliculi
pathways connecting colliculi to geniculate nuclei
37
where does trochlear nerve exit toward?
exits toward ventral brainstem
38
what structures are seen in the dorsal pons?
* floor of 4th ventricle * facial colliculus * sulcus limitans (both pons/medulla) * lateral apertures * vestibular region (nuclei)
39
floor of 4th ventricle
40
facial colliculus
* bump formed by facial nerve arching dorsally around abducens nucleus * located in midline portion of lower pons (floor)
41
sulcus limitans | pons and medulla
* groove where floor of 4th ventricle meets walls of ventricle * division of medial motor/lateral sensory structures
42
lateral aperatures
2 lateral exits from 4th ventricle
43
vestibular region | nuclei
* located laterally in proximity to each lateral aperature * related to balance and coordinated eye movements
44
what structures are seen in the dorsal medulla?
* median aperature * hypoglossal trigone * vagal trigone * dorsal column nuclei (gracile/cuneate tubercle) * dorsal column fibers (gracile/cuneate fasciculus)
45
median aperature
single midline exit from 4th ventricle
46
hypoglossal trigone
nucleus of hypoglossal nerve
47
vagal trigone
nucleus of vagus nerve
48
dorsal column nuclei | deep to tubercles
nuclei associated with dorsal ascending sensory info from body
49
gracile tubercle
* medially located bump * carries info about LE
50
cuneate tubercle
* laterally located bump * carries info about UE
51
dorsal column fibers | deep to fasciculus
neurons (fibers/pathways) carrying body sensory info (vibration, joint position sense, discriminative touch) to dorsal column nuclei beneath tubercles
52
gracile fasciculus
* LE * located medially on dorsal medulla
53
cuneate fasciculus
* UE * located laterally on dorsal medulla

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