Lab 3 Structures Flashcards
cerebral aqueduct
basilar of pons
thalamus
- relays sensory/motor information
- sensory processing
- regulation of sleep and wakefulness
- consciousness
- mood
hypothalamus
- activities of ANS
- metabolic processes
- pituitary function
mammillary body
aspects of memory
anterior commissure
relays information (olfactory) between hemispheres
fornix
body and columns
connects mammillary body to hippocampus
pineal body
- role in modulating sleep
- pain modulation/stress/learning
posterior commissure
relays information (pupillary reflexes) between hemispheres
corpus callosum
rostrum, genu, body, splenium
large white matter structure which relays info between hemispheres
septum pellucidum
thin membrane separating anterior horns of right/left lateral ventricles of cerebral hemispheres
tectum
superior colliculus, inferior colliculus
* "roof" over cerebral aqueduct
* superior colliculus → associated with vision
* inferior colliculus → associated with audition
| entire red area is tectum
midbrain tegmentum
externally → cerebral peduncles
- “floor” of cerebral aqueduct
- pathway to/from cortex
interpeduncular fossa
space between 2 cerebral peduncles
pontine tegmentum
floor of 4th ventricle
roof of 4th ventricle (medullary velum)
ventral pyramids
descending path for motor function to body
pyramidal decussation
crossing of descending motor fibers
dorsal sensory fibers
gracile fasciculus, cuneate fasciculus
ascending sensory fibers from LE/UE
what are the 2 major circulatory systems?
- anterior intracranial circulation
- posterior intracranial circulation
what main artery does the anterior circulation arise from?
internal carotid artery
what main artery does the posterior circulation arise from?
- basilar artery
- vertebral artery (2)
what is the function of the Circle of Willis?
communication of anterior to posterior circulation systems
what is included in the corticomeningeal (leptomeningeal) anastomosis?
- overlap of ACA, MCA, PCA on superior/lateral cerebral hemispheres
- referred to as “watershed” area
what arteries are included in the anterior intracranial circulation?
- ophthalmic artery
- anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
- middle cerebral artery (MCA)
- posterior communicating artery
all are branches of internal carotid artery
ophthalmic artery
serves eye through optic canal
anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
- supplies medial brain surface (frontal/parietal lobes)
- anterior communicating artery joins the 2 ACAs
middle cerebral artery (MCA)
supplies lateral brain surface (frontal/parietal/upper temporal)
posterior communicating artery
connects anterior circulation to posterior circulation via posterior cerebral artery
what arteries are included in the posterior intracranial circulation?
from vertebral arteries
- right/left posterior spinal arteries
- anterior spinal artery (and medial branches)
- posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
vertebral arteries
supplies lateral regions of medulla
right/left posterior spinal arteries
blood supply to dorsolateral aspect of spinal cord (each side supplies 1/6 for a total of 1/3) and dorsal caudal medulla
anterior spinal artery (and medial branches)
supplies ventral 2/3 of spinal cord and ventral medulla
posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
serves inferior cerebellum and dorsolateral medulla
what arteries are included in the posterior intracranial circulation?
from basilar artery
- labyrinthine artery
- anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
- pontine arteries (paramedian, short/long circumferential)
- superior cerebellar artery
- posterior cerebral artery (PCA)
basilar artery
- supplies medial pons via paramedian basilar branches
- serves lateral aspects of pons via short and long circumferential basilar branches
labyrinthine artery
- difficult to find
- can be a branch off AICA
- serves inner ear
anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
supplies ventral cerebellum and dorsolateral mid-lower pons
pontine arteries
paramedian, short/long circumferential
- blood supply to midline pons via paramedian branches
- blood supply to lateral/dorsal pons via short/long circumferential arteries
superior cerebellar artery
- superior cerebellum
- midbrain structures
- superior/middle cerebellar peduncles
posterior cerebral artery (PCA)
- midbrain
- hypothalamus
- thalamus
- occipital lobe (visual cortex)/inferior temporal gyrus
