Lab 4 Flashcards
The chimpanzee, has a diploid number of 2n=48. Identify the number of chromosomes present in each cell
a. End of mitotic telophase
b. meiotic metaphase I
c.end of meiotic anaphase II
d. early mitotic prophase
e. mitotic metaphase
f. early prophase I
a.48
b.48
c.24
d.48
e.48
f.48
What process and what ploidy number of the parent organism are shown in the cell (word)
meiosis II 2n=4
Identify the stage of cell division and diploid number (word).
metaphase of mitosis, 2n=4
Identify the stage of celll division and the diploid number (word)
Metaphase I of meiosis 2n=4
How many tetrads are there in metaphase I of meiosis in human beings
23
what are homologous chromosomes made of
2 sister chromosomes
What is a tetrad
4 chromatids
barr body
inactive X chromosome
How many chromosomes does Drosophila and how many autosome and sex
8 total
3 pair autosomes
1 pair sex
How is a fly’s sex determined
X:A ratio
What makes a normal female fly
1:1
What makes a normal male fly
1:2
what makes a metafemale fly
3:2 or 4:3
what makes a intersex fly?
2:3
What makes a metamale fly?
1:3
incomplete dominance
1 allele over the other is not complete and heterozygous displays inbetween of phenotypes
codominance
heterozygotes with different phenotype than either homozygote and detectable expression of both alleles like blood type
List the blood types and genotypes
A:IAIA IAi
B:IBIB IBi
AB: IAIB
O:ii
Working on barlye plants 2 researchers indepently identify a short plant mutation and develop homozygous recessive lines of short plants. How would you determine if theses 2 mutant lines carry mutation o n the same gene or different gene?
Cross 2 recessive mutants creates a mutant if 2 mutations are on same gene and wild type if the 2 mutations are on different genes
Complementary Gene interaction and ratio
both genes present to obtain phenotype (alleles are on 2 different genes)
9:7
How to know if complementation occurs
2 recessive mutatants produce same mutant phenotype will have an offspring that makes a wild type
Non-complementation
mutantions are on the same gene and will produce mutant
Xeroderma pigmentosum is and autosomal recessive condition. 10 skin cell lines were grown and fused and tested for genetic complementation. Determine what cell lines share the same mutated genes.
1-
2+ -
3 - + -
4 + + + -
5 + - + + -
6 + - + + - -
7 - + - + + + -
8+ + + - + + + -
9 + + + + + + + -
0+ - + + - - + + + -
. 123 4 56 7 8 9 0
Group 1: 1,3,7
Group 2: 2,5,6,0
Group 3: 4,8
Group 4: 9
Who came up with the 1 gene- 1 enzyme hypothesis
George Beadle and Edward Tatum
One gene One enzyme hypothesis
each gene produces and enzyme and each enzyme has a specific role in a biosynthetic pathway that produces the phenotype
Prototroph
wild type
auxotroph
mutant
Adjustments to the 1 gene 1 enzyme hypothesis
some protein genes make transport, structural, regulatory proteins or RNA
A–>R–>Q–>P->M
. 3 2 1 4
a. What would you need to provide if enzyme 4 is nonfunctional?
b. What would you ned to provide if enzyme 2 is nonfunctional?
c.Can bacterium with mutated enzyme 3 grow if product Q is given
d. Can mutant enzyme 1 grown if Q is given?
a. M
b. Q
c.Yes
d.No
