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Anatomy 232 > Lab 3- General Senses > Flashcards

Lab 3- General Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Nociceptor

A
  • Pain receptors

- Sensation produce in pain

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2
Q

Thermoreceptor

A
  • Temperature receptors

- Free nerve endings

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3
Q

Chemoreceptor

A
  • Detect small changes in the concentration of specific chemicals or compounds.
  • Taste, smell, and changes in body fluid chemistry.
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4
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Sensitive to stimuli that distort their cell membrane.

  1. Tactile
  2. Baroreceptors
  3. Proprioceptors
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5
Q

Tactile Receptor

A

Touch, pressure, vibration.

free nerve endings, root hair plexus, tactile discs, tactical corpuscles, lamellate corpuscles

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6
Q

Baroreceptor

A

Detect pressure changes in walls of blood vessels and portions of digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts.

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7
Q

Proprioceptor

A
  • Monitor the positions of joints and muscles.

- Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs. (GTO)

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8
Q

Photoreceptor

A

Sensitive to light rays

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9
Q

Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscle

A

Detects: deep touch/vibrations

deeper into dermis

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10
Q

Tactile (Meissner’s) corpuscle

A

Light touch

more superficial found in dermal papillae close to epidermis

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11
Q

Cornea

A 
Focus light (refraction)
3 layers:
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12
Q

Sclera

A
  • white of eye

- shape and support

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13
Q

Iris

A

change shape of pupil (color portion)

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14
Q

Ciliary body

A

Secrete aqueous humer/changes shape of lens

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15
Q

suspensory ligaments

A

Attach lens to ciliary process

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16
Q

Choroid

A
  • pink layer below sclera

- Blood vessels move through it

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17
Q

Pupil

A

hole in center

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18
Q

Lens

A

changes shape with light which alters refraction.

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19
Q

Fovea centralis

A

all light rays land (cones)

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20
Q

Optic disc

A
  • responsible for blind spot (no photoreceptors)

- optic nerve exiting back of eye ball

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21
Q

Optic nerve

A
  • CN 2

- extends from eyeball to brain

22
Q

Anterior chamber

A

between cornea and iris

23
Q

Posterior chamber

A

between iris and lens

24
Q

Aqueous humor

A

ciliary processes of ciliary body

25
Q

Vitreous humor

A
  • jelly

- maintains shape of eyeball

26
Q

Conjunctiva

A
  • transparent mucous membrane lines eyeball and covers anterior surface of eyeball except cornea.
  • highly vascular (heals quickly)
27
Q

Superior oblique

A
  • Rotates eye medially
  • trochlea: ligament sling
  • innervation: CN IV
28
Q

Superior rectus

A
  • moves eye toward medially and superiorly

- innervation: CN III

29
Q

Lateral rectus

A
  • moves eye away from the nose

- CN VI

30
Q

Medial rectus

A
  • moves eye toward medially

- CN III

31
Q

Inferior oblique

A
  • moves eye laterally and superior

- CN IV

32
Q

Inferior rectus

A
  • moves eye inferiorly (secondarily moves eye laterally)

- CN III

33
Q

Pupillary constrictor muscles

A

circular

34
Q

Pupillary dilator muscles

A

radial

35
Q

The_____ division of the ANS regulates pupil constriction.

A

parasympathetic

36
Q

The _____ division of the ANS regulates pupil dilation.

A

sympathetic

37
Q

Name 2 things that cause the pupil to constrict.

A
  • light

- looking near

38
Q

Name 2 things that cause the pupil to dilate.

A
  • dim light

- looking far

39
Q

Refraction

A

Beinding of light rays

40
Q

Focal point

A

specific point of intersection on the retina

41
Q

Focal distance

-2 factors:

A

between center of lens and focal point.

  • distance from the object to the lens
  • shape of lens
42
Q

when focusing on near objects, the lens becomes_______.

A

More round (convex)

43
Q

When focusing on far off objects, the lens becomes______.

A

More flat (concave)

44
Q

Accommodation

A

adjustment of lens so focal point is always on the lens.

45
Q

near objects the lens becomes _______.

A

rounder

46
Q

far objects, the lens becomes ________.

A

Flat

47
Q

Emmetropia

A

Normal vision

-image will be focused on retinas surface.

48
Q

Myopia

A

nearsighted

  • eyeball is too deep or curvature of lens is too great.
  • focal point is in front of retina, so distance objects are blurry.
49
Q

What type of lens can fix myopia?

A

Diverging lens

50
Q

Hyperopia

A

Far sighted

  • focal point is behind retina, so near objects are blurry.
  • eye ball is too deep or curvature of lens is too great.
51
Q

What type of lens can fix hyperopia?

A

Converging lens

52
Q

Astigmatism

A
  • degree of curvature in cornea or lens varies from one axis to another (cornea surface way)
  • causes light to focus on more than one are retina. (parts of image out of focus)

Anatomy 232 (12 decks)

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