lab 3: body comp

Question 1

height, weight, BMI procedure

Answer 1

• explain assessment and receive informed consent
• using equipment available, measure height weight then calculate BMI

Question 2

BMI calculations

Answer 2

BMI = weight (kg) / [height (m)]^2

Question 3

circumference measurements

Answer 3

regional body circumference measures provide an estimate of body fat distribution and may provide insight into the risk of CVD and metabolic diseases

Question 4

circumference measurements procedure

Answer 4

• explain + informed consent
• client is standing for all measurements
• measuring tape is placed on the skin surfaces (except for hip) - if they want on clothing they can, tell them to wear similar clothing the next time you do measurements
• all measurements on the right side
• landmark each site
• inferior edge of the tape should be in line with the landmark
• tape should be level around entire girth
• conduct measure from position such that you are at level with each
• take two measurements at each site to nearest 1mm (duplicate if not within 5mm of each other)
• rotate through sites to allow time for skin to regain normal texture

Question 5

Circumference landmarks - abdomen

Answer 5

horizontal measure taken at height of iliac crest usually level of the umbilicus. should be taken at end of normal expiration

Question 6

Circumference landmarks - arm

Answer 6

arms hang freely at sides with hands facing the thigh, a horizontal measure is taken midway between the acromion and olecranon processes

Question 7

Circumference landmarks - butt/hips

Answer 7

feet together, horizontal measure taken at the maximal circumference of the butt. used for the hit measure in the hip to waist ratio

Question 8

Circumference landmarks - calf

Answer 8

feet ~20 cm apart, horizontal measure taken at level of max circumference between the knee and the ankle, perpendicular to the long axis

Question 9

Circumference landmarks - forearm

Answer 9

arms hanging at side but slightly away from the trunk and palms facing anteriorly, measure taken perpendicular to the long axis at max circumference

Question 10

Circumference landmarks - hips/ thigh

Answer 10

standing legs ~ 10 cm apart, horizontal measure is taken at the max circumference of the hip/proximal thigh, just below the gluteal fold

Question 11

Circumference landmarks - midthigh

Answer 11

one foot on a bench so the knee is flexed at 90 degrees, measure taken midway between the inguinal crease and the proximal border of the patella, perpendicular to the long axis

Question 12

Circumference landmarks - waist

Answer 12

arms at side, feet together, abdomen relax, horizontal measure taken at narrowest part of the torso (above umbilicus and below xiphoid process)

Question 13

circumference measurement norms (women)

Answer 13

very low: <70cm
low: 70-89cm
high: 90-110cm
very high: >110cm

Question 14

circumference measurement norms (men)

Answer 14

very low: <80cm
low: 80-99cm
high: 100-120 cm
very high: >120 cm

Question 15

BMI norms

Answer 15

underweight: <18.5
normal: 18.5-24.9
overweight: 25-29.9
obesity 1: 30-34.9
obesity 2: 35-39.9
obesity 3: >40

Question 16

skinfold measures procedure

Answer 16

• explain and informed consent
• complete one round of skinfold before repeating to obtain the second (take 2 measures at each site)
• all measures taken on right side of body
• ensure participant is relaxed when taking measurements
• fold skin plus underlying fat between thumb and index ~8cm apart then drawn together to form a fold. take pinch 1cm above landmark
• keep calipers at right anglers (perpendicular to skinfold)
• calipers at halfway between peak and base of fold
• fully release caliper trigger + measure within 4 seconds of pinch (longer fluid displacement in tissue)
• record value to nearest 0.2mm
• calc mean of two values

Question 17

Skinfold procedure at abdominal

Answer 17

using a vertical fold at 2cm to the right side of the umbilicus

Question 18

Skinfold procedure at triceps

Answer 18

with he arm held freely at side of the body, using a vertical fold on the posterior midline of the upper arm, halfway between the acromion and olecranon process

Question 19

Skinfold procedure at biceps

Answer 19

using vertical fold on the anterior aspect of the arm over the belly of the biceps muscle, 1 cm above the level used to mark the triceps site

Question 20

Skinfold procedure at chect/pectoral

Answer 20

using a diagonal fold at one-half the distance between the anterior axillary line and the nipple (men) or one-third of the distance between the anterior axillary line and the nipple (women)

Question 21

Skinfold procedure at medial calf

Answer 21

using a vertical fold at the maximum circumference of the calf on the midline of its medial border

Question 22

Skinfold procedure at midaxillary

Answer 22

using a vertical fold on the midaxillary line at the level of the xiphoid process of the sternum. an alternate method is a horizontal fold taken at the level of the xiphoid/sternal border on the midaxillary line

Question 23

Skinfold procedure at subscapular

Answer 23

using a diagonal fold (45 degree angle); 1-2 cm below the inferior angle of the scapula

Question 24

Skinfold procedure at suprailiac

Answer 24

using a diagonal fold; in line with the natural angle of the iliac crest taken in the anterior axillary line immediately superior to the iliac crest

Question 25

Skinfold procedure at thigh

Answer 25

using a vertical fold; on the anterior midline of the thigh, midway between the proximal border of the patella and the inguinal crease (hip)