Lab 3 Flashcards
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
IV disc joint.
IV disc joint:
Cartilagenous, symphysis, slight move.
Describe what’s meant by the following general term(s):
Amphiarthrosis.
Amphiarthrosis means joint which is slightly moveable.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Intevertebral facet joints.
Synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Atlantooccipital joint.
Synovial, biaxial, condyloid.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Median atlantoaxial joint.
Synovial, uniaxial, pivot.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Lateral atlantoaxial joint(s).
Synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Between L5 and sacrum - IV disc joint.
Cartilagenous, symphysis, slightly move.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Between L5 and sacrum - facet joints.
Synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Anterior sacroiliac.
Synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Posterior sacroiliac.
Fibrous, syndesmosis, slight move.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Sacrococcygeal.
Cartilagenous, symphysis, slight move.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Costovertebral.
Synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Costotransverse.
Synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Costochondral.
Cartilagenous, synchondrosis, slightly moveable.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
1st sternocostal.
Cartilagenous, synchondrosis, slight move.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
2nd - 7th sternocostal.
Synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
note: this applies to each demifacet, as well as the overall composite joint
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
5th and 9th Interchondral.
Fibrous, syndesmosis, slight move.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
6th, 7th, 8th interchondral.
Synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Sternoclavicular.
Synovial, biaxial, saddle.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Manubriosternal.
Cartilagenous, symphysis, slight move.
Provide the correct classification for the following joint:
Xiphisternal.
Cartilagenous, synchondrosis, slight move.
Which ribs are involved with costochondral joints?
Ribs 1-12 (all).
Do ligaments support costochondral joints?
No - as little movement occurs here.
Which ribs are involved with sternocostal joints? Are all these joints the same - what can you see on the sternum that backs this up?
(hint: think classification)
Ribs 1-7 are involved with sternocostal joints.
Sternocostal joint 1: cartilagenous, synchondrosis, slight move. This is observable as the first costal notch is rough.
Sternocostal joints 2-7: synovial, uniaxial, gliding. This is observable as the costal notches posses facets.
Presence of facets indicates what? (general answer)
Facets indicate movement (therefor synovial articulation).
Name the ligaments that support the sternocostal joints.
Radiate sternocostal ligaments - all.
Intra-articular ligament - rib 2.
What is unique about the 2nd sternocostal joint?
It possesses 2 articular facets (superior and inferior), which are separated by an intra-articular ligament. Both facets are located within the same capsule (composite joint), and are individually, and collectively recognised as synovial, uniaxial, gliding.
How are interchondral joints numbered?
Via the intercostal space in which they reside.
Which number ribs are involved with interchondral joints?
Ribs 5-10 possess interchondral ligaments.
Name the ligaments that support the interchondral joints.
Interchondral ligaments.
Name and briefly describe the 2 parts of the IV disc.
- Annulis fibrosis (outer) - collagen fibres; fibrocartilage.
- Nucleus pulposis (inner) - mucoproteins; soft.
(note: NP is remnant of notocord).
Explain the variation in costovertebral joints.
2 joints in 1 capsule: 2 - 9, possibly 10. Separated by intra-articular ligament.
1 joint in 1 capsule: 1, 11, 12, possibly 10.
Detail the difference in surfaces of tubercles for groups of ribs below, including the functional consequence.
a. ) Ribs 1 - 6
b. ) Ribs 7 - 10
a. ) Ribs 1 - 6: facets on tubercles convex; rotation of rib traslated to elevation or depression at sternal end. Increase ANT/ POST dimensions.
b. ) Ribs 7 - 10: facets on tubercles flatter; permits gliding resulting in elevation or depression of lateral portion of ribs. Increase lateral dimensions.
State the general roles of ligaments. (2)
- Structural support.
2. Proprioception.
State the specialised role of ligaments. (1)
Limit or permit movement in particular fashion.
What types of joints require ligamentous support?
Joints where movement occurs; synovial.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Radiate costovertebral ligament.
Head of rib to vertebral body.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Intra-articular ligament (of costovertebral joint).
Crest of head of rib to IV disc.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Superior costotransverse ligament.
Crest of neck of rib to TVP of vertebrae above.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Lateral costotransverse ligament.
Non-articular part of tubercle of rib to tip of TVP.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Costotransverse ligament.
(yes - this is it’s whole name).
Posterior neck of rib to TVP of matching vertebrae.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Anterior longitudinal ligament.
Anterior edge of foramen magnum to pelvic surface of sacrum.
(note: also attaches to anterior tubercle of C1).
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Posterior longitudinal ligament.
Posterior body C2 to the sacral canal.
note: runs inside vertebral canal
State the attachment points for the following ligament: Ligamentum flavum (interlaminal ligament).
Between laminae, begins between C2 and C3 and occurs all the way down until sacrum.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Interspinous ligament.
Between adjacent spinous processes.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Supraspinous ligament.
Between tips of spinous processes only; from C7 to sacrum.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Nuchal ligament.
Posterior to spinous processes, from C7 to external occipital protruberance.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Intertransverse ligament.
Between adjacent TVP.
note: varies with level
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane.
Anterior foramen magnum to anterior arch of C1.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane.
Posterior foramen magnum to posterior arch of C1.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Anterior atlanto-axial membrane.
Anterior arch of C1 to body of C2.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Posterior atlanto-axial membrane.
Posterior arch of C1 to neural arch of C2.
Why are some ligaments referred to instead as membranes?
Membranes are thinner, flatter and weaker sheets of CT. These exist as more movement is needed in those regions.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Tectorial membrane.
Posterior body C2 to floor of cranial cavity.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Cruciate ligament.
Cruciate ligament has 3 parts:
- Superior
- Transverse - attaches to small tubercles of C1.
- Inferior.
(note: cruciate is deep to tectorial membrane)
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Alar ligament.
Lateral aspect of dens to lateral inner edge of foramen magnum.
State the attachment points for the following ligament:
Apical ligament.
Superior tip of dens to anterior foramen magnum (internal).
Which ligaments support the zygopophyseal joints of the vertebrae?
- Interlaminal ligaments.
- Interspinous ligaments.
- Supraspinous ligaments.
