Hypaxial: O, I & A

Question 1

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Longus colli - upper oblique.

Answer 1

Longus colli upper oblique -
O: anterior tubercle upper cervical.
I: anterior arch C1.
A: flex neck, aid extension (resting).

Question 2

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Longus colli - vertical.

Answer 2

Longus colli vertical -
O: VB upper thoracic and lower cervical.
I: VB upper cervical.
A: flex neck, aid extension (resting).

Question 3

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Longus colli - lower oblique.

Answer 3

Longus colli lower oblique -
O: VB upper thoracic.
I: anterior transverse tubercles lower cervical.
A: flex neck, aid extension (resting).

Question 4

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Longus capitis.

Answer 4

Longus capitis -
O: anterior transverse tubercles mid cervical.
I: basilar occipital.
A: flexes head at A-O joint.

Question 5

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Rectus capitis anterior.

Answer 5

Rectus capitis anterior-
O: lateral mass C1.
I: basilar occipital.
A: flex head at A-O joint (weak).

Question 6

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Rectus capitis lateralis.

Answer 6

Rectus capitis lateralis -
O: TVP C1.
I: jugular process (occipital bone).
A: stabilise head (bilaterally), laterally flex head (unilaterally).

Question 7

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Anterior scalenes.

Answer 7

Anterior scalenes -
O: Anterior transverse tubercle cervicals.
I: scalene tubercle first rib.
A: flex neck (bilaterally), laterally flex neck (unilaterally), elevate first rib (reversed origin).

Question 8

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Middle scalenes.

Answer 8

Middle scalenes -
O: posterior transverse tubercle lower cervical.
I: scalene tubercle first rib (more lateral).
A: laterally flex neck (unilaterally), elevate first rib (reversed origin).

Question 9

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Posterior scalenes.

Answer 9

Posterior scalenes -
O: posterior transverse tubercle cervical.
I: rib 2.
A: laterally flex neck (unilaterally), elevate second rib (reversed origin).

Question 10

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Psoas major.

Answer 10

Psoas major -
O: TVP and IV discs L1 - L4.
I: Lesser trochanter.
A: flexion/ stabilisation lumbar spine (RO), flexion/ external rotation hip (normal)

Question 11

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Quadratus lumborum.

Answer 11

Quadratus lumborum -
O: TVP T12 - L4.
I: rib 12, iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament.
A: laterally flex lumbar spine.

Question 12

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Serratus posterior superior.

Answer 12

Serratus posterior superior.
O: SP C7 - T2.
I: upper border ribs 2 - 5.
A: proprioceptive of respiratory system.

Question 13

Provide the origin, insertion and action for the following muscle:
Serratus posterior inferior.

Answer 13

Serratus posterior inferior.
O: SP T11 - L2.
I: inferior border ribs 9 - 12.
A: proprioceptive of respiratory system.