LAB 2- Blood Tests

Question 1

function of the blood

Answer 1

to help maintain homeostasis
-regulates pH
-transported by oxygen CO2 etc
-protects against fluid loss (clotting) and diseases
-regulates body temperature

Question 2

blood volume breakdown

Answer 2

-plasma 55% (92% is water and 8% is solutes )
-buffy coat (leukocytes and platelets)
-erythrocytes (formed elements)

Question 3

erythrocytes

Answer 3

-contains hemoglobin
-no nucleus
-no nucleus so can’t repair
-disc shaped

Question 4

platelets

Answer 4

formed from megakaryocytes to promote clotting when blood vessels are damaged

Question 5

two white blood cell groups based on granules

Answer 5

agranulocytes- no visible granules, more in tissue than blood, L,M

granulocytes- contains granules, N, E, B

Question 6

5 WBC types and structure (never let monkeys eat bananas)

Answer 6

-neutrophil (dark nucleus with pale purple granules)
-lymphocyte (small, dark cell fills and lined with light purple)
-monocyte (large, kidney bean shaped)
-eosinophil (2 lobed with connecting strand, pink granules)
–basophil (nucleas overshadowed with dark purple granules)

Question 7

leukemia

Answer 7

excessive amount of leukocytes due to mutation and growth control

Question 8

4 types of leukemia

Answer 8

chronic vs accute; lymphocytic and myeloid

-CLL;CML
-ALL;AML

Question 9

agglutination

Answer 9

when antigens bind to opposing (same letter) antibody

Question 10

rH factor

Answer 10

if present = +
if not present = -

No one has anti-D (Rh) antibodies unless they are Rh- AND have been previously exposed to Rh+ blood. (like 2nd time pregnant)

Question 11

hematocrit and its formula

Answer 11

percentage of total blood volume occupied by RBC

-height of packed red blood cells/ total (plasma, RBC)

Question 12

hematology: anemia

Answer 12

RBC low

-caused from: blood loss, iron deficiency

Question 13

hematology: polycythemia

Answer 13

-RBC abnormally high and increased blood viscosity

-dehydration, increase of RBC production, cancer

Question 14

hematology: leukopenia

Answer 14

decrease in WBC

-prolonged stressed and severe infections

Question 15

hematology: leukocytes

Answer 15

-high number of WBC
-from inflammation, allergies, infections

Question 16

universal donor a recipient

Answer 16

-donor= o
-recipient- AB+

Question 17

Normal hematocrit accepted ranges are:

Answer 17

Adult males: 42–52%
Adult females: 37–47%

Question 18

Blood doping

Answer 18

several methods used to increase the blood oxygen-carrying capacity.