Lab 2: Blood Reading Flashcards
Blood is also known as a ________________.
Specialized connective tissue
Functions of blood
- Transporting nutrients, oxygen, waste products, carbon dioxide, hormones, cells, and other substances
- Maintenance of body temperature
Formed elements of blood
- Red blood cells (Erythrocytes)
- White blood cells (Leukocytes)
- Platelets
Characteristics of RBC
- Most populous
- Anucleated
Function of RBC
- Function within circulatory system
- Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from tissues
Characteristics of WBC
-Two categories: Agranular (Lymphocytes & Monocytes) and Granular (Neutrophil, Eosinophil, & Basophil)
Function of WBC
-Function outside of the circulatory system (use bloodstream as mode of transportation)
Lymphocytes
- Basic cells of the immune system
- Three categories: T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and null cells
Monocytes
- Leave blood steam and become known as macrophages
- Function is phagocytosis and assisting lymphocytes
Neutrophils
- Low affinity to stains
- Function in phagocytosis of bacteria
Eosinophils
- Stain redish-orange color
- Participate in anti-parasitic activities
- Phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes
Basophils
-Stain dark blue color
Platelets (Thrombocytes)
- Small oval-to-round structures
- Derived from megakaryotes of bone marrow
- Function in hemostasis (clotting mechanism of the blood)
T cells
Responsible for cell-mediated immune response
B cells
Responsible for humorally mediated immune response
Null cells
Two types: Pluripotential Hemopoietic Stem Cells (PHSCs) and Natural Killer (NK) cells
Three types of granules in Neutrophils
- Specific granules
- Azurophilic granules
- Tertiary granules
Plasma
- Fluid component of blood
- 55% of total blood volume
- Contains electrolytes, ions, organic compounds, and large molecules (albumins, globulins, fibrinogen)
Coagulation
Result of interaction between plasma proteins and coagulation factors
Hemopoiesis
Process of blood cell replacement
