Final Flashcards
The oral cavity is divided into two smaller cavities. Name them.
-Vestibule -Oral cavity proper
The permanent dentition is composed of __________.
20 succedaneous teeth & 12 accessional teeth
The circulatory system is composed of two separate components. Describe them.
-Cardiovascular system: transports blood -Lymphatic vascular system: collects and returns lymph to the blood vascular system
Somatotrope adenoma, which produces an excess of growth hormones can result in _______ in children and acromegaly in adults.
Gigantism
Know the hormonal products of the corpus luteum.
-Progesterone -Estrogen -Relaxin
________ is a rapid growing of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and has its origins in B cells.
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Describe the productions of the chief, parietal, and mucous neck cells.
-Chief cells: Pepsin, rennin, lipase precursors -Parietal cells: Hydrochloric acid, gastric intrinsic factor -Mucous neck cells: Soluble mucus
What is the role of calcitonin?
Lowers calcium levels by suppressing osteoclastic activity
The suprarenal glands are derived from two different embryonic origins:
-Mesodermal epithelium -Neuroectoderm
The _______ participates in the formation of the heart valves, which controls the direction of blood flow through the heart.
Endocardium
Where does most of the digestion occur?
Small intestine
What hormone is responsible for maintaining calcium ion balance?
Parathyroid hormone
The three pairs of the major salivary glands are _______, ______, and _______.
-Parotid -Sublingual -Submandibular
_________ are lacerations of the lower esophagus of the cardiac/fundic region of the stomach as a result of powerful vomiting or sometimes strenuous hiccupping.
Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
The _______ is completely permeable to water and somewhat permeable to salts.
Descending thin limb of Henle’s Loop
The heart is composed of 3 layers. Describe these layers.
-Epicardium: outermost layer -Myocardium: composes most of the wall of the heart -Endocardium: forms the lining of the atria and ventricles
The modified cells in the inner visceral layer of the Bowman’s capsule are called ________.
Podocytes
Know the development of the ovarian follicles from Graafian to corpus albicans.
-Primordial follicle -Growing follicles -Unilaminar primary -Multilaminar primary -Secondary -Graafian (mature)
The _______ is impermeable to water by possesses a Na+/K+/2Cl- co-transporter on the surface of its cells.
Pars recta
Name the structure which delivers impulses to the cardiac muscle cells of the ventricles to contract and pump the blood from the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk and from the left ventricle into the aorta.
Purkinje fibers
Name the congenital disorder where the thymus fails to develop and the patient is unable to produce T lymphocytes.
DiGeorge’s Syndrome
_________ occurs because of damage to the cells of the hypothalamus that manufactures ADH.
Diabetes Inspidus
_______ is an autoimmune disease and is characterized by decreased production of adrenocortical hormones due to the destruction of the suprarenal cortex.
Addison’s Disease
Describe how the three hormones act from their sites of secretion: -Autocrine -Paracrine -Endocrine
-Autocrine: act on the cell which releases them -Paracrine: act in the immediate vicinity of their secretion -Endocrine: target cells are at a distance from their site of origin